Literature review on patient discharge instructions Research Paper

Literature review on patient discharge instructions - Research Paper Example A convenience sample was used of 287 patients. In this particular ER, full understanding was found in 72% of the parents that had children discharge from the ER. The results showed that overall, there was a fair understanding in this case while 20% still showed very little understanding post discharge. Supporting the results of that study but getting poorer results, Gilroy noted in a study done in 2009 that patients who are discharged from the emergency room have a difficult time remembering the instructions, especially those that are given about such things as wound care and medications. In a study performed in an emergency room, doing call back 1 week after discharge, 68% could not tell the call back nurse what the instructions that were given were. In a study performed by the University of Michigan Health System (2008), it is noted that around the nation there are 115 million patients that visit the emergency room. Of those patients, 3/4 leave with an impression of what happened or what should happen next. Most ER care teams including University of Michigan would like to see much better than 75% remember what to do next. What they found to be even more upsetting was that 80% of those that understood what to do next were "pretty sure what to do". Northwestern Hospital of Chicago (2008), performed a similar study, reviewing making post ER calls over a 6 month period and collecting data from those calls. Researchers at Northwestern, led by Engel, reported more than 75% of ED patients interviewed after discharge had deficient comprehension or less than complete memory. Further 20% of the patients who had difficulty with comprehension felt they were having problems understanding what the doctor was telling them in the first place. Isaacman, Pur4vis, and Gyuro (2001), performed a study in an attempt to determine whether standardized instructions enhance communication of discharge information. They had 197 parents of children with otitis media. They studied three different groups. The first group got verbal instructions, the second got standardized instructions, and the third group received verbal instructions plus a typed copy of what was said. Parents were questioned about prescribed medications prior to leaving ER and again 2 days later on the phone. When data was calculated the parents who received standard instructions, in all cases, showed much better understanding and retention of information given them in the ER. Understanding of the importance of implementing discharge planning, Barnard & Chapman (2009), completed and reported on a study which was conducted to describe emergency department nurses understanding and experience of implementing strong discharge planning and discharge instructions from the ER. For purposes of data collection, nurses were interviewed in a semi-structured process. The study was a phenomenological qualitative approach. ER nurses showed a great deal of interest in updating this process in the ER. However, there are many barriers here. The ER must provide sufficient time per nurse, clear policies and standards of discharge and professional enhancement and commitment. In Ireland Dunnion & Kelly (2005) looked at the discharge of older adults from the emergency room and the effects of discharge planning and instructions on discharge. They found that approximately 65% of patients above the age of 65 went home without a complete picture of what was to happen next and because of this made medication errors and often did not see follow up when necessary. They had two groups in which patients were assigned randomly. Patients in group one were discharged using the nurses usual method and the other had a discharge management team. This tam

Us History In Film Essay Example for Free

Us History In Film Essay An engineer called William Kennedy invented a form of celluloid strip containing a sequence of image. It was a way of projecting moving images. At this point a remarkable discovery had been made but where still potentials to be utilized from the little discovery. This was when Thomas Edison made a kinetograph which is regarded as the first moving picture camera. And then a cabinet with consistent loop of a celluloid film was back up with an incandescent lamp and seen through a magnifying lens. All this improvement left one with that there was still potentials that could be utilized. The spectator was close to an eye piece. The kinetoscape palours was supported with fifty foot film snippets photographed by Dickson, in Edison’s â€Å"Black Maria† studio. These continuous sequences recorded events and entertainment acts like music, acrobat, and some fighting sports demonstrating. And soon enough the kinetescope parlors became wide known in European other part. Because Edison felt there was still room for improvement he never attempted to use these instruments on the other side of the Atlautie since he depended on previous experiments and inventions. Some parts of Europe. Thus propelled imitations such as the camera made by British electrician. At about that time Auguste and Luis Lomiere invented the cinematograph which was a portable, three-in-one device camera, printer, and projector. At about that time father Antoine Lumiere began exhibitions of projected films before the paying public, started a generic conversation of a way to projection. They then became Europe producers. At a point Edison disproved the projection but he later joined with the vitascape in less than six mouths. The very first public motion-pictures film presentation in Europe. That belongs to Max and EFmil skladanowsky of Berlun, who projected with an apparatus â€Å"Bioscop’, a flicker free duplex construction. The first public screening of film was made possible by Jean Aine a French photographer. On February, he presented his cinematograph to a group of twenty show business men in New York City. This was how film production began. The movies that time were viewed via temporary storefront spaces and traveling exhibitors or as acts in voudexille programs. At that time films where a minute long and would usually presented a single scene that was made by an experience of everyday life, a sporting or public event. At that time there was no regard for cinematic technique or skillful displays, editing was not done. But beginning of realistically moving photographs was good enough and accepted by the motion picture industry in countries around the world. There was a problem at this time to merge the image with simultaneous sound, but there wasn’t realistic way was invented. But by 1920s after several decades, movies were less mute, but then it was supported by live musicians with sound effects, and with dialogue and narration made and presented with inter-titles. The accepted length of a film remained one reel, it could go for about ten to fifteen, minutes, through the first decade of the century, partly based on producer’s assumptions or speculations about the attention spans their still working audience. In 1911 countries other than Australia began to make feature films. At this time 16 full length feature films had been made in Australia. Europe created series of reel period extravaganzas that were longer with international box office success like Queen Elizabeth (France, 1912) Qoo vadis the feature film began to replace the short as the main cinema. Leading this trend in America was director D. W. Grittith with his historical epics. The birth of a national (1915) and intolerance (1916). The former film was also known as the first to propel widespread racial controversy. The cinemas of Italy and France where the most globally popular. But the United States was already benefiting drastically when world war (1914-1918) caused a disruption and destructive interruption in the Europe film industries. The American industry also known as â€Å"Holy wood† was become globally popular with its geographic base in California, and from that position it began to export its products globally basically virtually all countries of the world and as a result of that if began to control the market in many of them. It became very influential as a result of that and it began to dominate the market as it spanned it great popularity. According to David (1981) pg26†By 1920s the U. S attained a period of the greatest ever output, making an average of 800 feature film annually or 82% of the global total. The comedies of Charlie Chaplin†, the Swash buckling adventures of Douglas fair banks. The American visual standard that would become classical continuity editing was developed and exported to other countries of the world. This development was made along side with the drastic growth and improvement of the studio system and its greatest publicity method which was made by American film for several decades to come as far as models for other movies industry. The studios where made efficient with control over all stages of the product made a new growing level of lavish production and some technical improvements. At this time the commercial regimentation and concentration on glamorous absence daunted brave and expectation beyond the horizon to a certain level. The control of Holly wood entertainment was not strong as it would be and alternatives were still globally seen and reckoned with. By 1915, there was ban termination on imports in France the nascent Hollywood fare propelled the make up of cinematic avant garde. Some film makers started making experiments with optical and pictorial efforts as well as rhythmic editing. The move became known as French impressionist cinema. â€Å"As time went by, Germany became American’s strongest competitor†Allen (1896) pg42. Its unique contribution was the dark, hallucinatory worlds German Expressionism, which increased its power of an unrealistic presentation to put those within states of mind as seen on screen, as well as influenced the horror genre that is gradually coming up. The cinema that was newly born in the Soviet was the most innovative. The make of editing, moved. Forward, going beyond its previous role in improving the strong perfections was made by Eisenstein. The Technique that was regarded as dialectical montage, which tried to make non-linear, often violently dashing images express ideas and propel emotional and intellectual reaction\s in the viewer. An investigation was made by the House up- American Activities committee in the early 1950s, protested by the Hollywood ten before the committee, the hearing ended up in the blacklisting of many actors, directors, writers, with change sky and Dalton Trumbo especially the United Kingdom. The cold war period zeitgeist transformed into near-paranla manifested in themes such as invading armies of evil aliens. During the immediate post-war years the cinematic industry was also threatened by television, and the continuous and drastic popularity of the knowledge meant that some move theatres would bankrupt and close. In 1950. The bettrist avante-gardists caused riots at the cannes film festival, when the Isidore 1800s Treatise on slime and eternity as screened after their criticism of Charlie Chaplin and split with the movement, the ultraletrists continued to disrupt when they revealed their new hyper graphical technique. Distressed by the ever increasing number of closed theatres, studios, and companies would definitely find new ways to bring audience back. These made attempts to life rally expand with new screen formats. As the cinemascope, which has supposed to remain a 20th century fox separated until 1967, was publicized with 19535. The Robe Vista vision, Cinerama, made a bigger is better approach to marketing movies to a falling us audience. This caused a revival of epic films to take advantage of the new big screen formats. Fanatics also came up to attract in audience. The crave for 3-D films was sustained for two years, 1952-1954, was helped sell House of wax and creature from the Black lagoon. Producer William Castle would toot films featuring â€Å"emergeo† â€Å"percepto†, the first of a series of gimmicks that would remain the popular marketing tools for castle and others throughout the 1960s. Hollywood has reflected a post WW2 tendency toward asking the establishment and societal norms questions to films like blackboard jungle (1955). On the waterfront (1984), Paddy Chayetsks Marty and Reginald Roses 12 Angry man (1957) Disney’s sleeping Beauty was released on January 29, 1959 by the Walt Disney company after nearly a decade in production. Television started competing with films projected in theatre, but surprisingly it promoted more movies going rather than curtailing it. By 1960 studios in Hollywood began to dwindle and that was as a result of many films that were being made on particular locations in other countries. While using studio facilities in other countries. Example of facilities used where pinewood in England and Cinecitta in Rome. At this time Hollywood movies attracted family audience and it was made old-fashioned. Because at that time old fashioned films produced the biggest success. There were productions like Mary Poppins (1964) my four ladies (1964) and the sound of music (1965) made the biggest money of the decade. And also there was a drastic growth in independent production companies and producers and this increase also added to the reduction of traditional Hollywood studio production. There was an improvement with regards to awareness of foreign language cinema at that period. By the late 1950s and 1960s the French wave of directors like Francois Triifact and Jean-Huc Godard produced films like les quatre cents coups and joleset Jim which broke the laid down rules on Hollywood cinema’s old structure even audience were becoming cognizance of Italian films like Federice Fellinis la Doke vita and the stark dramas of Sweden’s Ingmar Bergman. While in Britain â€Å"Free cinema† of Lindsay Anderson, Tony Richardson and others lead to group of realistic and inventive dramas including Saturday night and Sunday morning, As kind of loving and this sporting life. The new Hollywood’ and ‘post classical cinema are terms used to describe the era following the reduction of the studio system by 1950 and 1960s and the end of the production code. By the 1970s, film makers drastically depicted explicit sexual content and showed violent bloody images of horrible deaths. The post-classical cinema was used as a term to describe the changing ways of story telling of the â€Å"New Hollywood producers. The new way of drama was made up of played upon audience expectations. In the 1770s, some American film makers sprung as Francis ford Coppola, Steven Spielberg George Locas and Brain de Palma. This coincided with the increasing fame of the auteur theory in film and media that posited those film directors’ films express their personal perspective and innovative insights. The improvement of the auteur style of film production helped to deliver to directors far reaching influence over their critical and commercial successes, like Coppla’s the God father films, Spielberg’s laws and close encounters of the third kind and Goerge Loca’s star wars. It however caused some failures, alongside with peter Bogdnovich. At long last love and Michael’s Ciounos hugely expensive western epic Heaven’s gate, which helped to bring about the demise of it’s backs, united Artists. In early 1990s, witnessed the improvement of a commercially successful independent cinema in the united states, cinema was taken over by special-effects films like the Terminator 2 Judgment Day (1991) and Titanic (1997). Independent films such as Steven Beglis sex, lies, and videotape (1989) and Quentin Tarantinos Reservior Dogs (1992) had remarkable commercial prosperity both at the cinema and on home video. Studios ate mainstream at that time started finance and produce non-mainstream fare. A very successful Independents of 1990s Minamax films was purchased by Disney Atumated films at that time also sprung up to fame along with Disney’s Beauty and the Beast, Aladdin and the Lion king. Documentary film also rose up to fame with the success of films such as March of the penguins and Michael More’s Bocoline for columbine and Fahrenheit 9/11. Some thing remarkable happened even as 15o inexpensive DV cameras were distributed across Irag, Turning ordinary people into corporative films makers’ threatres at home became sophisticated as some of the movies was made on DVDs designed to be shown on them. A Biography company sent D. W Griffith 1910 the west coast with his acting troop consisting of actors Blanche sweet, Lillian Gish, Mary Pickforch Lionel Barry more and others. They began filming on an empty lot near Georgia Street in down town Los Angels. The company decided to explore new places and traveled miles to a little village and enjoyed the movie company filming there. This place was called â€Å"Hollywood? Griffith then filmed the first ever movie ever shot in Hollywood called in old California a Biography melodrama which was about Latino-Mexican occupied California in the 1800s. The movie company stayed there for some time and made a number of films before going back to New York. When it heard about the nice place, in 1913 many movie-makers headed west the first feature made in Hollywood, in 1914, was called â€Å"the squaw man†. All the films made in Los Angeles from 1908 to 1913 were short subjects. With this film, the Hollywood movie industry was ‘born’. Through the First World War and it became the movie capital of the world it became a popular figure. By January 22 1947 the first commercial television station west of the Mississippi River began functioning in Hollywood. On December of the same year, the first Hollywood movies production was made for TV, the prosecutor. And by the 1950s, music recording studios started moving to Hollywood even as there opened offices there. Most of the movie Industry remained in Hollywood and also the districts outward appearance changed remarkably. Popular recording companies building on vine street called â€Å"Capitol† north of Hollywood Boolevard was built in 1956. This recording studio was not opened to the public but its distinctive design looks like a stock of 7-inch vinyi records. By 1958 the Hollywood walk of fame was created and the first star was placed in 1960 as a tribute to artists working in the entertainment industry. By 1985 the Hollywood Boolevard commercial and entertainment district was officially listed in the National Register of Historic places protecting valuable buildings and ensuring that the significance of Hollywood past would always be a part of its future. In June 1999, the Hollywood extension of the Los Angeles county metro Rail Red line subway was openly running from downtown Los Angeles to the valley, with stops along Hollywood Boolevard at western Avenue Vine Street and high land Avenue. Even as Motion picture production still takes place in Hollywood district mayor studios are located in the Los Angeles region paramount studios is the only studio that is located within, Hollywood some studios in the district include what was mentioned before. While Hollywood and its opposite neighborhood of Los Feliz served as the initial located of homes of the early television stations in Los Angeles market most of them have now relocated to other places within the same metropolitan area. â€Å"By 2002 some Hollywood citizens started campaigning for the district to take over from Los Angele and become as it has been earlier, in its own incorporated municipality†Woolworths(1990) pg56. People supporting the secession argued that the needs of their community were being neglected by leaders of Los Angeles. In June the same year the Los Angeles county board of supervisors placed secession referendums for both Hollywood and the valley on the ballots for a â€Å"citywide election†. In conclusion, this were the process that the American film also known as Hollywood passed through before becoming what it is today and it really amazing and remarkable that the entertainment industry in American has contributed over 60% of the whole of American revenue which has really affected their economy positively.And the industry is till growing drastic rate. REFERENCES David, A, American history in perspective teckno publishing house, 1981 Peter, S. O. film history. History publish Hoolporths house, London. 1994 Allan. M. S, The entertainment industry in America. Aquatic Pennsville. 1986 William O. The making of a kinetoscope Commendation and publications. Florida. 1991 Woolworths S. O. Entertainment history of the world. Readers house, Mexico. 990 Anothoney Peter, The wild Hollywood. Peuter House, publishing New York 1994 Serenago. M, The film industry. Myles publishing house, UK. Glory, M. Hollywood cinema. History records. Decks ville. Washington Sunday. O. O. The great entertainment move. Mensisiville house. Australia. 1993 Grace- S. O. historic account of the entertainment industry. Peterson house. 1979. Brooks ville. Wilson. D. Rebuilding Hollywood. Washington house 1979 Linda. O. The new Hollywood. New Jersey. 1989. Steven P. how movies are made. Edinburgh 1982 Aba. S. O. Films and modernization. California publishing house 1990

Essays --

Triangle: The Fire That Changed America Disasters can be so impactful; some can forever change the course of history. While many at the time thought this story would soon pass, and with it all the potential bad publicity, the story of the Triangle fire spread quickly, and outraged many people. On a beautiful spring day in March 1911 when 146 workers lost their lives, a fire would prove it could do what years of reformers had failed to do, get the government on the side of the workers. I would argue that the fire largely impacted the country. Specifically, the Triangle Fire ended up changing New York’s interconnected political and economic scene, and spurred on the creation of stricter safety codes. For the first time owners would hold responsibility for their actions. Max Blanck and Isaac Harris; being indicted for manslaughter was proof of this. Social change seemed to be spurred as well; the general public and newspapers would come back the workers of New York. Large institutions would suffer as well. Tammany Hall would be feared less and less by waves of new immigrants. The largest change brought about by the blaze would be legislation. Twenty-five bills, recasting the labor laws of the state The political scene of New York was altered greatly as a result of the Triangle Fire. Still dominated by the machine-boss system, New York was prime example of graft and corruption of politicians. Tammany Hall still reigned supreme, even after the fall of Boss Tweed in the 1870s, and a man named Charles Murphy headed it. In 1909, when workers at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory went on strike, owners Max Blanck and Isaac Harris used the police and gangsters to get the strikers to give up their cause. The suppliers of these corrupt office... ...arose in New York soon existed throughout the country. Von Drehle makes it very clear in his book that the Triangle fire did in fact, as the subtitle suggests, change America. He gives clear examples of how the Triangle fire led Tammany Hall to almost completely shift its agenda, and how it also led to a plethora of new safety codes. His argument is made especially compelling by how he gives a detailed background of many key people involved and also how he describes in detail how things were before and after the fire. This gives the reader a fuller understanding of the time period around the fire, and therefore shows how much the fire actually changed things. After reading his book, it is abundantly clear that the Triangle fire was a main cause of political change and safety reform in America. Although terrible, it led to many positive changes in American politics.

Arguments Of Canadian Politics Essay

Since the beginning of civilization, people have had a desire to form and bond with groups.   As civilization progressed, so did the organization and structure of these groups.   Groups became towns, then states, then nations; with the rise of organized nations based upon common goals of people emerges the concept of nationalism. This nationalism gives way to government system. Such a government system resides in Canada and it is often is often suggest that Canada has a form of â€Å"Prime Ministerial Government† in which the office of the Prime minister dominates the executive and legislative branches of government. The focal point of this paper is to argue the different causes of this system. Canadian politics is an admixture of different forms of government. It comprises constitutional monarchy, a federal parliamentary system welded to a tradition of democracy. The arguments whatever the number maybe revolves round certain fundamental fulcrums. It is crucial to understand the way these fulcrums work in order to understand the debates and issues of Canadian Prime Ministerial system of governing. The Canadian setup came into existence through the British North America Act that was passed in the year 1867.   The division of power was a later Canadian addition. The federal element also came in later. After the First World War the different British dominions developed a strong sense of identity, the Belfour Act being a sort of climactic marker of this predilection. Till 1982 the Canadians could not make amendments to their constitution. Judicial Committee of the Privy Council in United Kingdom continued to take decisions regarding legal affairs till 1949. Due to such circumstantial constrictions the Canadian setup is more of a constitutional democracy than a parliamentary one. The constitution is based on the Westminster system that is based on conventions that are unwritten and written legislations. Thus it is obvious that being a part of the monarchy, on theoretical ground, the governing body of the state of Canada was not eligible to be a federal authority. So, a presidential candidature or form was not possible in this context. On the other hand the position of Canadian Prime Ministerial system could be well established as a representative of the Monarch. As a result the prime minister was regarded as a CEO under the rule of the British Monarch. Thus it is obvious that Prime minister dominated the executive and legislative branches of government and even after the constitutional change the authorities did not feel to make any amendments. As a result the format is in existence till date. Secondly, there is bicameral parliament that has three divisions, namely the monarch, the senate and the House of Commons. The senate representation was based on an idea of regional representation. The prime minister sending a petition to the monarch (the present number is about 180) The House of Commons works on a separate mandate. They are elected by a plurality of popular votes. The present number hovers around 308. The size of the house is done according to the policy of representation of population. Thus it was important to have a sole authority that would cover the entire legislative system of the country and in Canada’s case the acting authority is deemed to be the prime minister. Another important reason behind the authoritative role of the prime minister is that in Canada the provinces are co sovereign and carry a considerable weight on different issues. Federal-provincial relation is a crucial and recurring issue in Canadian politics. There is basic divide between the rich states and the not so well off states. The central policy that allows the center to use the generated revenue in whatever way it would like to has been a thorn of contention for a very long time in Canadian politics. Scholars have suggested that the overstepping of the limit encroaches upon the sphere of state jurisdiction. What happens here is that the bigger states (both in terms of money and power) can align the central spending in the ways it would want. While conversely if the center seeks to work out the spending in a different way it usually hurts the bigger states more than the other relatively smaller ones. Whichever way the alignment works this revenue spending policy remains a significant reason of the federal-province strained relationships. Thus to sustain the country as a nation it is important to have a central force of authority and as the Prime Minister is the in the position to overlook all the fundamental aspects of the region it is believed that the most eligible influence in this context relies on that position. The forth most important reason behind Prime minister dominating the executive and legislative branches of government is juxtaposed with the provincial legislation of the country. Provincial legislation has an important role to play in this scheme of things. Provincial legislation is subject to limitations imposed by an Act passed in 1982. This was the Constitution Act of 1982. The parliament cannot take over the provincial autonomy. But the power of the provinces as far as amendments of provincial constitutions are concerned, are limited. Only one state has a written constitution, and that too is only a statute. (The state is that of British Columbia). Provincial legislations do not have the power to impinge upon the sphere of parliamentary affairs and in addition cannot touch the office of the Lieutenant general. This is because of the Constitution Act of 1867 that categorically says that everything not mentioned as belonging to the provincial legislatures comes under the purview of the national parliament. Yet the balance between the national legislation and the provincial legislatures is a fine one. The national legislatures have to interpret the provincial legislatures through the mediations and inflections of the provinces. Moreover social security services, one of the most important sectors of legislation is crucially dependent on the provincial legislatures. Though Parliament cannot transfer any of its powers to a provincial legislature, nor a provincial legislature any of its powers to Parliament, Parliament can delegate the administration of a federal Act to provincial agencies (as it has done with the regulation of inter provincial and international highway traffic); and a provincial legislature can delegate the administration of a provincial Act to a federal agency. Thus the central authority to control all the variables and differences of Canada is deemed upon the Prime minister and as a result of all these the Prime minister dominates the executive and legislative branches of government.    References: Lamb, D; (2004); Cult to Culture: The Development of Civilization on the Strategic Strata; Wellington: National Book Trust

“Sequel” to Fahrenheit 451

Burning Bright, Burning Right It was that time of day when the afternoon barely gave away to the glorious wonders of the night. The birds had stopped chirping and the many creatures that stirred in the ruins of the city, those that found it livable, had retreated to their underground homes. It had been a decade, a lifetime since the city had been reduced to rubble. The radiation still lingered in the air. It added a new taste, similar to the taste of an orange or a lemon. The crater from the bomb had been filled with rainwater to form a lagoon.The river’s natural current carried away the radioactive debris to the forest where, undoubtedly, the creatures of the forest would drink the contaminated water. There had been an occasional drizzle now and then soaking most of the wood in the area. Montag had managed though. He had come prepared essay writer helper. It took him three full hours to build the raft and funeral pyre in which Faber’s body now rested on. He looked at t he horizon just in time to catch the everlasting rays of the sun fade to the night and began. â€Å"Faber, my dear friend; it has been awhile since we talked. Almost three months.I heard that you were shooting propaganda somewhere by the Eastern Battle; probably condemning the unworthy fools that fought against us. Remember when we first met? You called yourself a coward for not standing up to stop the madness when it was beginning. I always found it ironic that you would become the symbol of rebirth, that you would be dubbed the phoenix. A coward really, but that was not my decision to make,† he stopped and took a breath. â€Å"You were my mentor. When I was blind to the knowledge of books, you educated me; you showed me what I was missing.You were everything I could ever ask for. Granger was there for me, but you were there for me to the, I mean your, bitter end. I can remember when you were approached about the face of the phoenix. That bright day in St. Louis. â€Å"Fab er, tell me what happened yesterday? I thought all was going well with your friend. He had printed books for us before†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Montag stopped. â€Å"Why won’t he do it now? † â€Å"I’m afraid that he is no longer on our side of the battle,† Faber said. â€Å"Not on our side of the battle? That’s absurd! One doesn’t just simply stop being a savior,† Montag said. Well he isn’t trustworthy anymore. He had tricked us. Pulled the wool over our eyes. We were only seeing what we wanted to see. † It was at that moment that Montag noticed the man standing in the corner of the room. He had his face turned away from us, but it was obvious he was listening to them. â€Å"You there, who are you? † â€Å"Nobody. I heard that the almighty Guy Montag and the wise Faber were in town, I simply couldn’t resist the opportunity of meeting them,† said the strange man. Montag took a good look at him. He was well dress ed. He was very well dressed.It was obvious that he knew who we were and it was also obvious that he was there for a reason. His fingernails were clean; an indicator that he was no fighter. Either he was a very good ally to have, or a powerful enemy to dispose of. When he noticed Montag looking at him he gave a wry smile. He decided it was best to trample through the bush. â€Å"Why are you here and what do you want? And this time don’t be shy to tell us your real name. † Montag asked. â€Å"My oh my, the rumors about you are true. You see Mr. Montag I want to help you. You could say that I have friends in high places, places that can help you.While you have been fighting your wars silently, and rather immaturely, some of us,† he paused, â€Å"have been thinking of the bigger picture,† he stopped as he met Montag’s cool but deadly gaze. â€Å"What are you implying? † â€Å"Nothing at all. Just an offer to, how do I put this? Just an offer t o help move things along. We want to take the war public,† the man said. Montag raised his eyebrows until they almost became part of his receding hairline. â€Å"I don’t know what rock you have been living under but it is obvious that you have lived a very luxurious life up until now.The war was thrown out of the shadows three years ago. † â€Å"I know that,† the man replied, â€Å"but there was never a reason. † â€Å"What? † Montag said. â€Å"For the past three years we have been fighting a war about nothing. Some say it’s about money. Others? They say the world is hungry. It’s a blind man’s game. You may be thinking about what I think. I think that the world is hungry. It’s hungry for knowledge, for books. Some of us believe it is time to throw it out in the open to light the flames under the fire. To throw something out in the open, we need a face.Somebody that will inspire and mock every policy and rule that the government symbolizes. We need a phoenix. † â€Å"I’m not interested,† Montag replied. â€Å"I was expecting that,† he answered, â€Å"That’s why I wasn’t going to ask you. † He turned to Faber and said, â€Å"We need a face but we think Montag has too much baggage attached to it. It may scare some, to see a dead man come to life. You on the other hand are a somebody that became a nobody. Your wounds have healed, have they not? Why not find the strength to rise from the ashes? Faber, why won’t you join me? † Montag stood stunned in silence.He had been rejected. Faber was sitting there looking at his damn, shaking hands. He had been offered to be the face of a rebellion, to lead a revolution; yet he sat there, solemn as a statue. Finally he spoke: â€Å"I am not a phoenix. I, at the very best, can be compared to a humble field mouse. I was a coward when it all began. I watched books burn in front of me but did nothin g of it because I was too afraid to change anything. I decline your offer. † â€Å"I was also expecting that. † A sudden flash of emotion passed through his eyes, like a fox that knew his prey would be his. I haven’t even introduced myself yet. Here I am, trying to convince you to start a revolution with me, yet you do not even know my name. My name is Hubert Hoag. † He looked nothing like the man Montag had seen on the parlor walls. Albeit he was short like him, but he must have lost weight. A quick glance at Faber showed that he wasn’t the least bit surprised. â€Å"Faber I know that you failed when it began. I also know that you aren’t exactly the bravest but this is your chance at redemption. You can finally fix the mistakes you made when it was all beginning,† Hubert said.Montag was back in the forest with Granger. He remembered what he had said. That it was the right kind of mistakes to be where they are now. Montag opened his mou th to protest but was interrupted by Faber. â€Å"I’ll do it,† Faber said in a sharp whisper. â€Å"I’ll do it,† he said with more confidence. I’ll start a rebellion. † Hoag gave a smile like he knew that the stars would align for him. He stood up and said, â€Å"Excellent. I’ll be in contact with you soon. † We didn’t see Hoag for three months. When we were contacted; things changed. Things changed fast. Faber was soon an international icon.He looked younger and radiated power. Hoag and his friends dressed him in the image of the revolution and soon there were ads and posters everywhere. That was then. Now things had changed. Montag was back in the ashes of the city. The scurrying of various animals in the bones of the dead brought back his fond memories of Faber. The sun was nowhere to be seen. It was behind the mountains, hiding, like Faber. He turned to the one animate body of Faber. â€Å"How does it feel Faber? To start a revolution. When they look back in history, whether or not we won the war, you will be remembered.But your arrogance got the best of you. You were no humble field mouse. You looked at yourself as the new phoenix. You had risen from the ashes of the old and were ready to guide mankind to this new age. Spending time with Hoag got the best of you. Soon you were thinking like them. You words were weak and empty. You became the image that you were trying to fight. You became a problem,† Montag said. He looked around. It was around midnight. Not even the moon showered him with its pale glowing light. He lit a match. A match that he had used such a long time ago to burn others, to burn his problems.And then he was somewhere else, thinking about how a decade ago he had the same problem with another. The wise words of Beatty rang in his head: â€Å"Don’t face a problem, burn it† â€Å"Beatty, I’ve done just that. † He looked on to see the body of Fab er leaning against the funeral pyre in such a way that it would collapse into a beautiful red flower once the match had engulfed the small raft. He thought of the phoenix. â€Å"Faber, you were to be the phoenix. The rebirth of man rising from the ashes. You were a failure. Maybe all we need to do is burn the ashes one more time. †

TMM USA Inc

TMM USA Inc 1) As Doug Friesen, what would you do to address the seat problem? Where would you focus your attention and solution efforts?Doug Friesen and his team is witnessing severe problem related to rear seats provided by Kentucky Framed Seats(KFS) after the plant started manufacturing Camry wagon models from March 1992. It has been observed that most of the issues are from the supplier's end and relatively insignificant errors are from the Toyota Motor Manufacturing(TMM) plant in USA. Some of the major problems were Missing Bolsters, Gap in rear seat etc. As per Exhibit 7, defects per vehicle have reduced significantly post Oct '91and in fact is well within the goal/target in the month of February and March 1992. But, in April '92 the seat defects surpasses the limit once again. It coincides with TMM's plan to produce and become sole source of Camry wagons to North America, Europe, Japan and Middle-East.1986 Toyota Camry photographed in USA. Category:To...Exhibit 10(Andon Pulls at Left-Hand Side Seat Installation) indicates significantly high number of Andon Pulls in First Shift of Rear seat installation station compared to 2nd Shift.Doug Friesen should work towards finding solution to three issues: (1) Drop of quality seats with KFS and 2) Identify reason for variance in andon pulls of first and second shift (3) Delay in replenishment of replacement seats from KFS once the problem is identified in clinic area .As Doug Friesen, we(group L2) would first try to identify process constraints and concerns related to upgrading the facility and process capability of KFS to manage new and greater mix of variety of seats to be produced for new models. From the case, we understand that when KFS first started supplying seats in 1986, it had a tough time to learn and cope with requirements at par with TMC's Japanese seat...

Human Learning and Development Essay

Human Learning and Development Essay Human Learning and Development Essay Human Development and Learning Csmit84-Task 5 As the educational teacher for this group of students, it is my responsibility to guide them in their current task. The goal for my students is to develop an understanding of interdependence within ecosystems by examining how plants and animals interrelate in a saltwater marsh. I will be using the Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) strategy for the assessment of my group. STAD in most appropriate for teaching well-defined objectives, such as mathematical computations and applications, language usage and mechanics, geography and map skills, and science facts and concepts. (Slavin 2001) In this learning model, I will first give a presentation to the students so that they understand the lesson. I will then assign students to teams of four by looking at their abilities, gender, race, and previous test scores. The students will then be asked to move their desks together to assure that they are working as a team. I will give every team two worksheets, a short quiz, and some pictures relating to saltwater marsh plants and animals. They will also receive two answer sheets that will guide their discussions and help them study. Team members will quiz each other on the material until every member of the team understands in order to achieve mastery of new concepts, and confirm individual mastery. STAD encourages students to be responsible for members of their group and well as themselves and promotes teamwork. Using this organization in my classroom, I will be able to help students work together, promote good communication skills, and strive for better grades. While all the students will be graded as a group, they will each need to be familiar with the terms salt marsh, tide, cordgrass, marsh hay, burrow, and gills and incorporate them into a paragraph. The quiz technique in a small group will allow each student to understand the material effectively. After each team has had ample time to identify and describe facts regarding saltwater marsh plant and animals, they will take individual quizzes based on course content. They will not be able to help each other. After the quiz, each student will be given a quiz score and an improvement score that I will

How Odds Are Related to Probability

How Odds Are Related to Probability Many times the odds of an event occurring are posted. For example, one might say that a particular sports team is a 2:1 favorite to win the big game. What many people do not realize is that odds such as these are really just a restatement of the probability of an event. Probability compares the number of successes to the total number of attempts made. The odds in favor of an event compares the number of successes to the number of failures.  In what follows, we will see what this means in greater detail. First, we consider a little notation. Notation for Odds We express our odds as a ratio of one number to another. Typically we read ratio A:B as A to B. Each number of these ratios can be multiplied by the same number. So the odds 1:2 is equivalent to saying 5:10. Probability to Odds Probability can be carefully defined using set theory and a few axioms, but the basic idea is that probability uses a real number between zero and one to measure the likelihood of an event occurring. There are a variety of ways to think about how to compute this number. One way is to think about performing an experiment several times. We count the number of times that the experiment is successful and then divide this number by the total number of trials of the experiment. If we have A successes out of a total of N trials, then the probability of success is A/N. But if we instead consider the number of successes versus the number of failures, we are now calculating the odds in favor of an event. If there were N trials and A successes, then there were N - A B failures. So the odds in favor are A to B. We can also express this as A:B. An Example of Probability to Odds In the past five seasons, crosstown football rivals the Quakers and the Comets have played each other with the Comets winning twice and the Quakers winning three times. On the basis of these outcomes, we can calculate the probability the Quakers win and the odds in favor of their winning. There was a total of three wins out of five, so the probability of winning this year is 3/5 0.6 60%. Expressed in terms of odds, we have that there were three wins for the Quakers and two losses, so the odds in favor of them winning are 3:2. Odds to Probability The calculation can go the other way. We can start with odds for an event and then derive its probability. If we know that the odds in favor of an event are A to B, then this means that there were A successes for A B trials. This means that the probability of the event is A/(A B ). An Example of Odds to Probability A clinical trial reports that a new drug has odds of 5 to 1 in favor of curing a disease. What is the probability that this drug will cure the disease? Here we say that for every five times that the drug cures a patient, there is one time where it does not. This gives a probability of 5/6 that the drug will cure a given patient. Why Use Odds? Probability is nice, and gets the job done, so why do we have an alternate way to express it? Odds can be helpful when we want to compare how much larger one probability is relative to another. An event with a probability 75% has odds of 75 to 25. We can simplify this to 3 to 1. This means that the event is three times more likely to occur than not occur.

The Suffrage Movement Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Suffrage Movement - Essay Example Early Greek and Roman laws treated women as children, forever inferior to men, unable to take care of themselves without men's control. The Christian tradition perpetuated Greek and Roman views on the natural inferiority of women. Thus St. Jerome, a 4th-century Latin father of the Christian church, said "Woman is the gate of the devil, the path of wickedness, the sting of the serpent, in a word a perilous object" while Thomas Aquinas, the 13th-century Christian theologian, reduced the role of women to reproduction only claiming woman was "created to be man's helpmeet, but her unique role is in conception . . . since for other purposes men would be better assisted by other men" (Frost et al, 1992, p.22). Given the influence of Christian tradition in both Europe and Americas, the inferior status of women became the unquestionable norm in social, political and economic life. Evidently, any attempt to change this norm would inevitable become an immensely difficult task, 'the hardest of a ll fights' as reasonably observed Emmeline Pankhurst. Throughout most of the modern history women always have had fewer leg... Only in the last century women in most countries won the right to vote and partially changed traditional views concerning their role in society. This largely was the result of long and difficult struggle of feminist movements for the natural rights of women. The movement for women's rights was given the name of suffrage movement or suffragette. Originally this word was coined by the Daily Mail newspaper as a derogatory term toward women's movement in the United Kingdom. Although this term was originally used in relation to the radical wing of the suffrage movement led by Emmeline Pankhurst (the Women's Social and Political Union) eventually its meaning became broader to include all members of the movement for women's rights. Members of the movement organized various actions such as chaining themselves to railings, hunger strikes, putting mailbox contents on fire, smashing windows and on occasions setting off bombs (Rover, 1967, p.5). Eventually, a substantial shortage of men during the First World War forced women to take tasks and roles that had been traditionally considered as men's, which led to further positive transformations of attitude toward women. As a result, in the aftermath of the war the Parliament of passed the Representation of the People Act 1918 that granted voting rights to women over the age of 30 who were householders, the wives of householders, occupiers of property with an annual rent of 5, and graduates of British universities. And it took only a decade for the UK women to obtain the same right as men (Rover, 1967). In the United Stated, women also initiated an organized campaign for equal status with men with Elizabeth Cady Stanton being the leading theoretician of the women's rights movement. Her famous book 'Woman's Bible',

Animal Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Animal Rights - Essay Example The proponent agrees to have animal welfare instead. In today’s move to go for animal rights, activists in this movement tend to suggest the people not to have animal’s meat at their table. Instead, they recommend fruits and vegetables. They also try to protect the animals by strongly opposing the use of them in various scientific experiments and medical trials. This is just some of the extremities brought about by strong advocacy towards animal rights. Non-human animals and their lives have been considered valuable and important and in such a way some other important issues are overlooked. Whether non-human animals have the right to be treated just like as humans or not, the entire issue should be examined based on their capacity to go for a social contract. In a social contract, individuals have moral and political obligations in order to come into an agreement in the formation of the society. In other words, there is an obligation that needs to be fulfilled in order to create a society or a better place to live in. In short, there is a form of obedience that needs to be fulfilled and that should be implemented for as long as individuals are dependent on their needs within the society for the preservation of their lives (Rousseau 2). Unfortunately, it is evident that animals do not have enough capacity to fulfill their moral and political obligations in the society. Indeed some of them are dependent on the lives of the people, but some of them also are dependent on the law of nature. The nature itself is under the authority of humans. Thus, each animal is still under the authority of man. The preservation of animals’ lives is indeed a moral obligation of man. Thus, they need animal welfare which has to be strongly established by man who has the authority over everything on earth. However, to give animals moral and political obligations is truly departing from the reality. There is a governing principle which is the

Argument in favor of Holistic Therapy for Lung Cancer Patients Essay

Argument in favor of Holistic Therapy for Lung Cancer Patients - Essay Example The holistic therapy focuses on five aspects of life that contribute to persons’ sense of well being, namely physical, social, spiritual, emotional, and intellectual (St. John, 2009). To have a better understanding of the benefits and advantages of CAM over conventional medicines (specifically chemotherapy), three arguments will be created to support Holistic Therapy. Chemotherapy is a method of treatment wherein anticancer drugs are administered to the bloodstream usually via IV infusion, with some that can be taken by mouth. The treatment not only affects rapidly multiplying cancer cells but also has adverse effects with healthy multiplying cells (Rothenflue, 2010). Focusing on the chemotherapy for lung cancer, the treatment has inherent side effects that can cause temporary as well as permanent damage to the patient. This side effect includes the reduction of healthy blood cells that lead to vulnerability to infections, bruises and bleeding, and the constant feeling of weakness and fatigue. It may also permanently damage the cells in hair roots; even if hair grows back after treatment, the color and texture would be different. The anticancer drug can also harm the cells in the digestive tract that leads to loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, or mouth and lip sores. Side effects become even worse when radiation therapy is taken at the same period (Rothenflue, 2010). For the first argument, it is evident that conventional medicines are detrimental to the physical and emotional well-being of the patient. The invasive nature of chemotherapy makes holistic therapy more appealing to cancer patients, with current studies indicating that increasing number of cancer patients have undergone at least one alternative treatment. The most common CAM treatment is the use of vitamin and mineral supplements, which is intended to strengthen the patients’ immune system and to

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 3

Assignment Example Specially mentioning, the above described â€Å"soft side† of project management would support in finding out the obstacles in order to attain desired project targets by a considerable level (Andersen, 2010). 2. It can be apparently observed that there are several reasons for which projects fail drastically. In this similar concern, the various reasons might encompass unrealistic anticipations, ineffective exploitation of valuable resources, deficiency in the engagement of the senior officials or the management team and the involvement of inexperienced as well as low-skilled project managers. In addition, the other reasons for the failure of projects may embrace indistinct project targets, shortage of visibility in the projects and most vitally communication gaps among others. In order to ensure that a particular project does not fail, it can be organized in various ways. In this similar concern, the imperative ways can be centralization of projects in a particular database, p resentation of valuable information in a centralized manner along with establishing clear communication with every individual involved in a project among others (West, n.d.). 3. After reading the article of Turner & et. al. (2009), it can be affirmed that the relatively low implementation rate of Gantt chart and Critical Path Method (CPM) diagrams in projects might reveal informal planning based activities of the companies and most vitally it is showing less significance to them in terms of value. This could impose unfavorable impacts especially upon the financial conditions of the companies by a certain degree. In this similar context, my organization broadly uses the aforementioned aspects as primary tools in order to manage as well as organize various individual projects, make effective planning and guide the organizational members towards the accomplishment of different tasks. My organization which deals with providing military services to the customers intend to perform various operational functions similar to that of a hi-tech company. In this regard, one of the disparities, which exists relates to facet of change control prevailing in my business or industry, while it does not exist in the hi-tech companies as mentioned in the article. Thus, it can be stated that the above discussed instruments must be incorporated in order to ensure better project management (Docstoc, 2011). 4. According to the article of Cavaleri & Reed (2008) concerning the difficulties of describing the interdependencies between tasks, it can be affirmed that defining the interdependencies between tasks is actually quite difficult owing to various significant reasons. In this regard, a few of the reasons might embrace deficiency in coordination while conducting various project related activities, unsupportive collaboration actions, ineffective coordination procedures and massive interdependency upon one another regarding the completion of the projects in a stipulated time period. It can be affirmed from a broader outlook that the difficulties of defining the interdependencies between tasks in terms of complexities owing to the above discuss

Impact of technolgy on social relationship Essay

Impact of technolgy on social relationship - Essay Example Technology has helped develop the social relationships in the time and age of today. This has been apparent with the recent advancements that have been made on the world of Internet, the propagation of the mobile technology and other mediums. What has happened in essence is the culmination of a number of forces, all of which come under the aegis of technology to bring success towards the realms of the people, which has essentially turned the tide their way. One must understand that technology is indeed for the betterment of the people at large and this is a great way to bring them together on a single platform – a zone from where they can exploit the best out of their strengths and the potential opportunities. This paper discusses the significant pointers related with the role of technology playing its due role within the building up of social relationships. The argument has been raised and the points have been stated for clarity and comprehension. The impact of technology on social relationships is such that it poses as a huge risk on the flip side of the coin. If this technological basis falls down, there would be immense problems for the stakeholders, who would receive utmost at the hands of the ones who are the movers and shakers of these technological ranks. The social relationships are bring documented and expanded upon by the different platforms which are available under its fold – like the social networking websites which include Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and so on (Dickson, 2000). These Internet-based social networking websites and software help the people to remain connected in a number of different ways. They interact and communicate with one another through commenting on statuses, putting up unique statements, posting pictures, sharing workspaces and so on. What this does is to bring together a collective vision – a vision that helps the people to grow and manifest their truest basis in the long run. They come to know a great d eal about each other, find out about how they live their lives, and basically come in close contact with one another. The social relationships are such that technology brings about the very best in them. The technological domains link up the people in a number of ways because they enclose within them the respective areas of social growth and development through the different manifestations of the society. There is a dire need to understand that social relationships would continue to rule the roost in the times to come and technological linkages would only boost up the same in the future. The social relationships usually come into the consideration when the people feel that they are hard done by on the time notion. They lag behind in the race to meet deadlines, and the best possible route to attain contacts with one another is through the use of the technology. This is made possible by social networking tools like Facebook, Twitter and so on, as well as instant messaging software lik e MSN, Yahoo!, ICQ and others. In essence, there is a great amount of interaction that is taking place on a round the clock basis, which has been witnessed within the related domains (Mosley, 2011). The impact of technology is such that the social relationships can only bolster the ties amongst the people and make them stay connected for days, months and years. There is no set time limit for them and this is remarked as a definitive positive without any doubt. What is most important is to understand that the use of technology does not hamper in the building up of their collective vision, and that they get to know quite a good deal about the happenings taking place on a global level (Ahmed, 2011). This and many other facets are quintessential towards comprehending the domains of the social relationships that have been taking place over a period of time now. The world of Internet has only facilitated in this entire process. What it has however done is to bridge the gaps that have exis ted amongst the different generations

Internation finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Internation finance - Essay Example Owing to the use of foreign exchange in many transactions, businessmen have to hedge their exposures overseas, and to do this they would need to use currencies too to protect their assets or receivables that are denominated in foreign currencies. Others use foreign currencies to engage in speculation abroad, and many mutual funds and hedge funds engage in speculation for possible profit. Thus foreign currencies are necessary to make international trade and investments possible and to help smooth transactions in the tourism industry in many countries. Unlike the stock exchanges, there is no single formal foreign exchange market; it is in fact an over the counter market similar to the one for money market instruments. The main participants are the large multinational commercial banks and investment banking houses. They operate at two levels, the wholesale level where banks operate in the interbank market; and at the retail level, where they deal with individuals and corporations. However, many transactions are mediated by foreign exchange brokers in order to preserve the anonymity of the transacting parties (Kidwell et al 377). The other major participants are the central banks of many countries which may intervene in the market from time to time to modulate the fluctuations of their currencies. Other participants are individuals and non-financial businesses who enter the market for various reasons including speculation. Foreign exchange trading operates without fixed trading hours, round the clock, everyday of the year: When one market closes another elsewhere in the world opens. There are no written rules, and transactions are done according to some principles and code of ethics (Hill 322) There are two basic types of foreign exchange quotations – the spot land forward market. The spot market, with quotations by

Impact of technolgy on social relationship Essay

Impact of technolgy on social relationship - Essay Example Technology has helped develop the social relationships in the time and age of today. This has been apparent with the recent advancements that have been made on the world of Internet, the propagation of the mobile technology and other mediums. What has happened in essence is the culmination of a number of forces, all of which come under the aegis of technology to bring success towards the realms of the people, which has essentially turned the tide their way. One must understand that technology is indeed for the betterment of the people at large and this is a great way to bring them together on a single platform – a zone from where they can exploit the best out of their strengths and the potential opportunities. This paper discusses the significant pointers related with the role of technology playing its due role within the building up of social relationships. The argument has been raised and the points have been stated for clarity and comprehension. The impact of technology on social relationships is such that it poses as a huge risk on the flip side of the coin. If this technological basis falls down, there would be immense problems for the stakeholders, who would receive utmost at the hands of the ones who are the movers and shakers of these technological ranks. The social relationships are bring documented and expanded upon by the different platforms which are available under its fold – like the social networking websites which include Facebook, Twitter, MySpace and so on (Dickson, 2000). These Internet-based social networking websites and software help the people to remain connected in a number of different ways. They interact and communicate with one another through commenting on statuses, putting up unique statements, posting pictures, sharing workspaces and so on. What this does is to bring together a collective vision – a vision that helps the people to grow and manifest their truest basis in the long run. They come to know a great d eal about each other, find out about how they live their lives, and basically come in close contact with one another. The social relationships are such that technology brings about the very best in them. The technological domains link up the people in a number of ways because they enclose within them the respective areas of social growth and development through the different manifestations of the society. There is a dire need to understand that social relationships would continue to rule the roost in the times to come and technological linkages would only boost up the same in the future. The social relationships usually come into the consideration when the people feel that they are hard done by on the time notion. They lag behind in the race to meet deadlines, and the best possible route to attain contacts with one another is through the use of the technology. This is made possible by social networking tools like Facebook, Twitter and so on, as well as instant messaging software lik e MSN, Yahoo!, ICQ and others. In essence, there is a great amount of interaction that is taking place on a round the clock basis, which has been witnessed within the related domains (Mosley, 2011). The impact of technology is such that the social relationships can only bolster the ties amongst the people and make them stay connected for days, months and years. There is no set time limit for them and this is remarked as a definitive positive without any doubt. What is most important is to understand that the use of technology does not hamper in the building up of their collective vision, and that they get to know quite a good deal about the happenings taking place on a global level (Ahmed, 2011). This and many other facets are quintessential towards comprehending the domains of the social relationships that have been taking place over a period of time now. The world of Internet has only facilitated in this entire process. What it has however done is to bridge the gaps that have exis ted amongst the different generations

Software Usability Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Software Usability - Essay Example or the successful execution of business processes that the designs of the information systems embedded within them are user centered and targeted towards the achievement of specific goals with effectiveness. Usability is judged at the very initiation when the user interacts with the user interface of software. The readability of the user interface and the accessibility that it provides are both key factors that can be considered in order to assess the usability of that particular system. Specific User tasks to be highlighted. Usability precision without the implementation of this task at the design phase is impossible. Every computer system module needs to be designed specific to its users’ needs. The simply and clearly chalked out the requirements of the users are, the easier and more efficiently implemented is the usability of the system. Goals to be Determined-Evaluate what is the final required end result. In accordance with the data collected, the tasks required to reach the goal are embedded within the software design of the computer system. User profile should be determined. Representatives similar to the target market should be approached. The system should be accessed by them and their response should be integrated into the final outcome of the software. Conduct preliminary trial sessions. The representatives who are made to access the system before its finalization are provided with specific rooms in which they are monitored by audio/visual recording or eye tracking equipment. Since the physical response of users is part of the usability assessment the data collected is of immense importance. Data input from the users should be evaluated. Respect should be given to the areas of the system that left the users unsatisfied and distressed. Close attention should be paid to areas where the users were not satisfied. DISAGREEMENTS about usability should be resolved with the consensus of opinion. The hiring of external agents that would be third party to

Violence Against Women In India Essay Example for Free

Violence Against Women In India Essay On December 16, a 23 year-old woman in Delhi, was gang-raped and almost left for death by six men in a moving bus. More shocking this was the 636th rape in Delhi in 2012, according to the â€Å"reported† figures available with the National Crime Records Bureau. In Bangalore, two days after the Delhi rape, a girl was pulled into a shop in her own neighbourhood and raped by the owner, while his friends kept watch. India was never very safe for women, but of late there seems to be a flagrant disrespect that is governed neither by societal nor legal norms. It seems to be simply up to the men to perpetrate violence and for women to safeguard themselves as best as they can. The police are too biased to be effective. Tehelka magazine’s sting operation in April on senior police officials in Delhi-NCR, revealed that more than half chose to blame rape victims. ‘Unless a woman is fully covered from head to toe at all times, she wants men to rape her’, declared Arjun Singh, SHO of Surajpur Police Station. With such attitudes, it is not surprising that victims are reluctant to enter our police stations and that most attacks go unreported. Technology also assaults our senses every hour. Mobiles share salacious details while TV stations broadcast them like prime time entertainment, instead of using the space to condemn or discuss such matters seriously, thus becoming active participants in gender injustice. Social divides These crimes against women are part of a wider change where reactionary forces are becoming dominant. Globalization seems to have narrowed the space available for women even further by creating economic and social divides that provoke a conservative backlash from those who feel left out. According to eminent Kannada writer Vaidehi, violence against women is as old as the Mahabharata. But the rapid changes in our society seem to be escalating the scale of this violence. Says William Dalrymple in the introduction to his fascinating book, Nine Lives, â€Å"The speed of development is breathtaking: the sort of construction that would take 25 years in Britain, comes up here in five months. So extraordinary is all this that it is easy to overlook the fragility and unevenness of the boom. Within twenty minutes of leaving the Gurgaon headquarters of Microsoft or Google Asia, cars and trucks are beginning to give way to camel and bullock carts. This is a very different India indeed.† And it is this different India – whether in Karnataka or Maharashtra or Haryana that the new India needs to comprehend rather than ignore. Sharat Chandra Srivastava, violinist who performed at the GirlCott show, feels the mutual mistrust comes from the replacing of community norms by a highly individualised society. Agrees Sufi musician Rabbi Shergill, â€Å"I wish there were more neutral cultural spaces where the two (worlds) could’ve interacted a little more naturally. Gurgaon had a functioning society before we got there. The malls, pubs, multiplexes just seemed to look down on it; it seemed to grudge people their draw in the great lottery of life. You don’t just barge into someone’s house and act all loud. I’d like to see the discourse move to the countryside where the eve-teasers come from and start a genuine dialogue. â€Å"What do you dislike about us?† But before dialogue can emerge, basic safety needs to be in place, with secure public transport, and open, well-lit public spaces. Gurgaon shows a horrific crime graph and its Mahatma Gandhi Road, connecting the many malls and swanky housing estates, is now called the Rape Mile. Women returning from work carry pepper spray; the streets are dimly lit and deserted by evening. Only 3,286 cops cover the vast urban sprawl. And nobody takes responsibility when anything goes wrong. Says Richa Dubey, who initiated the successful Gurgaon GirlCott campaign in April, â€Å"We are trying to get back a sense of collective responsibility. This is where we live and work, we all need to work to make it safe.† The GirlCott, provoked by the kidnapping of a Sahara Mall employee on her way home, decided to hit the commercial complexes where it hurt by a â€Å"no safety, no money† shopping boycott, and firmly put the spotlight on how the urban dream of Gurgaon had turned into a nightmare for its working professionals. A host of citizens and organisations including Whypoll (maps unsafe places), Breakthrough (Bell Bajao), Indian Institute for Human Settlements, and Jagori, came together at GirlCott and are now working on a long-term plan for safety. As the Citizens Collective Against Sexual Assault says, Women have a right to be safe – In homes, on streets, in buses and in workplaces.

The Great Gatsby Essay -- The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald

In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald utilizes many universal and timeless themes to make the novel a classic. He emphasizes that most people lack insight and can not see the truth. To the majority of the society, the reality is an illusion that they create in their minds. The characters, events, setting, symbols and imagery contribute to establishing this theme. Myrtle Wilson, a woman of ludicrous ostentation, yearns to escape her class to enter the higher ranks. She believes a marriage to Tom Buchanan will relieve her of this lower status. Myrtle is obsessed by appearances and unaware of realities, as is shown in her excessive concern of clothing. She attempts to impress the upper society while looking down upon the members of her class. "Myrtle raised her eyebrows in despair at the stiflessness of the lower orders. 'These people! You have to keep after them." (Fitzgerald 36) Unfortunately, Myrtle does not realize that she will never transcend her class barrier or marry Tom. Her husband Wilson, a poor spiritless garage owner, discovers the affair but continues to do nothing about it. He is a tragically broken man living in a blighted world with his own dreams of success for his business and marriage. Wilson lives in the Valley of Ashes, a desolate place in New York, where gray heaps of ashes envelop him and his garage. The sy mbolic ashes of spiritual desolation create the "smoky air" (Fitzgerald 35) at the party in the New York apartment, where Myrtle struggles to raise her status. Tom Buchanan represents the brutality and moral carelessness of the established rich. He believes he is an intellectual with logical philosophies about the society. "Have you read 'The Rise of the Coloured Empires' by this man Goddard?†¦'Well it's a fine book and everybody ought to read it. The idea is if we don't look out the white race will be-will be utterly submerged. It’s all scientific stuff; it's been proved." (Fitzgerald 17) However, Tom is extremely injudicious and lacks intelligence. His concern for preserving the social status quo and the grammatical errors in his speech reveal his ignorance. He lacks integrity and idealism. Daisy Buchanan, silly and self-indulgent, drifts aimlessly through a world created by her wealth. Fay, her maiden name, suggests her ethereal insubstantial quality. Daisy knows about ... ...e was just an illusion and could not dissolve the strong undercurrent of sectionalism. The makers of the compromise and the majority of Americans could not see the reality of the coming of the Civil War; they simply tried to avoid it by formulating ineffective compromises. The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, is a timeless and universal classic. In the novel, Fitzgerald underlines that most people can not see reality and drift through their own dreams and illusions. Fitzgerald suggests that most people lack insight and only see things for their face value. The details, characters, setting, symbolism, and imagery all contribute to the theme of the novel. The Great Gatsby is a classic because its issues can be related to the past and the present day societies. Today's conflicts at the beginning of the twenty-first century and yesterday's conflicts in the 1800's compare with those of Fitzgerlad's era. Bibliography 1. Andrew, Luke. " Titanic." http://www.jps.net/chambers/titanic/history.htm. 2. Brinkley, Alan, and Current, Richard N. American History: A Survey. 8th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1991.

Social Psychology and the Stanford Prison Experiment by Philip Zimbardo

Social psychology is an empirical science that studies how people think about, influence, and relate to one another. This field focuses on how individuals view and affect one another. Social psychology also produces the idea of construals which represent how a person perceives, comprehends or interprets the environment. Construals introduce the idea that people want to make themselves look good to others and they want to be seen as right. It is also said that the social setting in which people interact impacts behavior, which brings up the idea of behaviorism. Behaviorism is the idea that behavior is a function of the person and the environment. The ideas of social psychology mentioned above can be applied to the Stanford Prison Experiment; in which the environment, the participants, and construals brought about behaviors that may not have been how the participants actually would behave in real life. The Stanford Prison Experiment was conducted in 1971 by Philip Zimbardo of Stanford University. The purpose of the experiment was a landmark study of the human response to captivity, in particular, to the real world circumstances of prison life. In social psychology, this idea is known as â€Å"mundane realism†. Mundane realism refers to the ability to mirror the real world as much as possible, which is just what this study did. Twenty-four subjects were randomly assigned to play the role of "prisoner" or "guard" and they were made to conform to these roles. Subjects became so entranced in these roles that the guards started to behave as if they really were the guards of a true prison. Zimbardo had told them to think of themselves in this way and it led to the guards mentally abusing the prisoners with their cruel and degrading ro... ...ion people based on the orders of Adolf Hitler and his henchmen. In reference to the two situations, one participant of the study said that â€Å"anybody can be a guard, but not every one becomes sadistic.† This saying can be applied to real life situations, especially that of the New Jersey incident. These occurrences can be analyzed using social psychology because the environment, the situation, and those holding the authority influenced the behavior of others. Due to these influences, prisoners and guards acted on the roles they were given, in the way that society sees them. The description, in itself, is the definition of social psychology. Works Cited Ratnesar, Romesh. July/August 2011. The Menace Within. Stanford Magazine, pp. 1-9. Smothers, Ronald. (1998, February 6). Asylum Seekers Testify on Abuse by Jail Guards. The New York Times, pp. 1A, 9A.

Roman Empire: Its Fall and Power

Rome was a major power because it always made certain its own military prowess was preeminent. There have been many ideas presented as to the fall of the Roman Empire. Many believe that Rome declined morally and the violence and decadence of the societal norms led to the demise. Gibbons has been credited with the theory of the influence and transference of Christianity over the Roman system of Gods and Goddesses that perpetrated the fall. Another theory lays the blame at the feet of the Emperor, that the happiness of the people and the functioning of the government was directly correlated with the personal merit and management skills of the reigning authorityRome was a major power because it always made certain its own military prowess was preeminent. There have been many ideas presented as to the fall of the Roman Empire. Many believe that Rome declined morally and the violence and decadence of the societal norms led to the demise. Gibbons has been credited with the theory of the influence and transference of Christianity over the Roman system of Gods and Goddesses that perpetrated the fall. Another theory lays the blame at the feet of the Emperor, that the happiness of the people and the functioning of the government was directly correlated with the personal merit and management skills of the reigning authority Rome was a major power because it always made certain its own military prowess was preeminent. There have been many ideas presented as to the fall of the Roman Empire. Many believe that Rome declined morally and the violence and decadence of the societal norms led to the demise. Gibbons has been credited with the theory of the influence and transference of Christianity over the Roman system of Gods and Goddesses that perpetrated the fall.

Institutions

2489 5491 2489 5491 How does your text communicate information and ideas about institutions and individual experience? Institutions consist of protest, compliance and enforcement. Sometimes institutions harm the individual and sometimes they affect the individual in a positive way. The two texts, Shawshank Redemption (film) and Scales of Justice (television drama), both demonstrate this well, through various techniques such as narrating throughout the films. Both texts are about institutions in the criminal justice system. The text, Shawshank Redemption, portrays institutions as having a negative impact on the individual.In particular, it focuses on the strict elements of institutional life within prisons. These include set routines and structures that must be followed by the inmates. Schedules are enforced. A bell rings, doors open, prisoners step out and line up for morning head count. Enforcement and compliance are essential in the institution. Throughout the film one of the main characters ‘Red† is narrating, this communicates a different perspective of the effect institutions have on individuals. He expresses this when he says, â€Å"I’m telling you,  these walls are funny. First you hate them.Then you get used to them. Enough time passes, it gets so you depend on them. That’s institutionalised. † This quote shows a negative impact institutions can have on an individual, instead of wanting to be back in society they become dependent on set routines. The film also communicates the idea that once an individual has been institutionalised for a certain period of time, it becomes almost impossible for them to adapt back into society when they are released from prison. One way this is communicated is by the inmate Brooks’ protest against leaving Shawshank.Brooks has been in Shawshank for an extended amount of time, prison life and routine is now all he seems to know. It becomes obvious to the audience that even he feels he will not be able to adapt back into society. So terrified of leaving prison, he threatens to stab a fellow inmate so that his sentence will be extended, allowing him to stay in Shawshank. This results in Brooks taking his own life when he is finally released, emphasising the earlier reflection made by Red that some individuals can no longer survive without the institutional way of life.Scales of Justice (Act 1) is about a young and eager probationary constable (Webber) who is graduating from the police academy and has started to work for a police station. The audience sees that he is quiet young and naive through techniques like him twirling his gun around his finger like a young boy would with a toy gun. However as the text progresses we are see that Webber goes through stages of being ecstatic about his new job and not being able to wait to help society as they are â€Å" a walking conscience†, and loving the â€Å"perks† of the job, for example getting discounts on things like food and a car.The audience begins to find that the police station is one that is quite corrupt. As Webber beings to realise this, we see that the institution is having a negative effect on him by killing his dreams of being a walking conscience of society. At first this just makes him a little uncomfortable, but when it comes to actually seeing the corruption first hand (finding the fur coat in his locker) it brings things into perspective for him. 2489 5491 2489 5491 For a few days, the Webber considers keeping the stolen fur coat, as he takes it home with him.This is an example of the institution affecting is once very strong and clear conscience, this is the institution having a negative effect on him. Eventually, the guilt of possessing stolen property becomes too much for Webber, and he turns the coat into the head sergeant. Webber confesses that Sergeant O’Rourke was the one who took it and placed it in his locker. This results in more corruption which l eads to Webber being dismissed from the police force.This is because the internal affairs investigator says Webber is lying and took the coat himself, when really the audience knows that he is dismissed because he turned on a fellow police officer. So in the end we see that being the â€Å"walking conscience† for society didn’t turn out so well for Webber. In conclusion, Shawshank Redemption and Scales of Justice; The Job, both communicate information and ideas about institutions and the individual experience. They both show the aspects of protest, enforcement and compliance within institutions and how the individual is affected through the institution, whether it is in a positive or negative way.

Course Outline – General Principles of Management

WOMEN’S UNIVERSITY IN AFRICA Addressing gender disparity and fostering equity in University Education FACULTY OF MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURIAL STUDIES & I. T. BSc MANAGEMENT AND ENTREPRENEURIAL DEVELOPMENT STUDIES (BM114) Course Outline for General Management Principles (BM114) Preamble A study of the General Management principles that seeks to equip students with the general management and managerial skills that will prepare them to be effective managers and entrepreneurs who can quickly adopt to new management situations. Aims To equip students with modern general management principles.Objectives of the Course 1. To enable students to understand and appreciate the nature and scope of management. Course Content †¢ Management and Managers What is management? †¢ Team Building †¢ Managerial functions †¢ Types of managers †¢ Manager’s roles and skills †¢ Challenges for management in a Global Environment 2. 0 The Evolution of Management Theory †¢ Scientific Management Theory †¢ Administrative Management Theory †¢ Behavioural Management Theory †¢ Management Science Theory †¢ Organisational Environment Theory †¢ Total Quality Management †¢ Business Process Reengineering 3. 0 The Environment of Management Theory . 1 The Organisational Environment †¢ Task environment †¢ General environment †¢ Managing the organisational environment 3. 2 The Global Environment †¢ The changing global environment †¢ The global task environment †¢ The global general environment †¢ The collapse of time and distance †¢ You and International Management †¢ Importance of understanding Cultural Differences 4. 0 Strategic Planning †¢ The manager as a planner strategist †¢ The planning process †¢ Determining the organisation’s mission and goals †¢ Formulation of strategy †¢ Planning and implementing strategy †¢ M. Porter’s Five for ces model . 0 Organising †¢ Designing organisational structure †¢ Grouping tasks into jobs; job design, grouping jobs into functions †¢ Strategic alliances and network structure. †¢ Organisational control and culture (output, behavioural and organisational culture and clan control system) †¢ Strategic Human Resources Management †¢ Groups and group dynamics 6. 0 Leading †¢ Nature of leadership †¢ Trait and behaviour models of leadership †¢ Gender in Leadership †¢ Motivation and motivational theories †¢ Managers as a person (personality, attitude, behaviour, perception, career development and stress management) . 0 Conflict Management †¢ Organisational conflict †¢ Organisational politics †¢ Change Management 8. 0 Managing Information Systems and Technologies †¢ MIS and Decision Making 9. 0 Managing Innovation, Product Development and Entrepreneurship †¢ Innovation, Technological change and competition â₠¬ ¢ Product Development †¢ Entrepreneurship Assessment †¢ Examination : Course work (30%) Assignments (10%) Class Tests (20%) End of year Examination 70% Recommended Textbooks 1. Business Management: A contemporary Compilation, Johannesburg: FVBC by Nieuwenhuizen C and Oosthuizen TFJ. 2012. 2.Introduction to Business Management 6th Edition Editors Cronje, Du Toit, Marcus, Motlatla. Oxford University Press 3. Management A Practical Introduction 3rd Edition by Angelo Kinicki and Brian K. Williams. McGraw Hill International 4. A Handbook to Human Resources Management Practice 10th Edition by Michael Armstrong. International Student Edition 5. Management Concepts and Practices 5th Edition by Tim Hannagan 6. Fundamentals of Management Essential Concepts and Application 6th Edition Pearson Productions by Stephen P Robbins, Sanghamitra Bhattacharyya, David A DeCenzo, Madhushree Nanda Agarwal. ———————– [pic]

Nintendo Co Ltd Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Nintendo Co Ltd - Essay Example In this study we will try and evaluate the key strategic issue that Nintendo is facing and what are their current strategic options. The three major players in the industry are Microsoft, Nintendo and Sony. For all the players the market is broadly being divided into two major segments such as the hardware segment and the software or the gaming segment. Though there is a major drift in sales for all the three major companies in the recent year we can analyze their positions and strength from the data of the previous year that is 2008. Nintendo noted a 49 percent market share for their consoles i.e. Wii and about a 73% market share for the handheld, which are called the DS. (Elliot, 2008) So it is quite evident Nintendo is a market leader in the hardware segment of the industry. Also notably there were five gaming software made by Nintendo which acquired the top ten spot of NPD software (Elliot, 2008). So the constant mix of the quality hardware and innovative software making Nintendo a prospective leader in the industry. Sony’s product in the hardware segment called the PS3 attributed a growth of 99% on ye ar-to-year basis (2008). Apart from that, though Nintendo is the market leader in the hardware segment. According to the Consumer Behavior Report of 2007 Nintendo’s consoles are readily accepted by the target consumers. But Sony’s playstation (which is their hardware console) recorded over 10 million accounts all over the world. But the USP of Sony remains with the innovativeness and varieties of gaming software they introduce with quick succession. According to Microsoft, their hardware product Xbox 360 enjoys a 49% market share in USA. Also Xbox 360 title, a product in the software segment accounts for 34% in software sales for July 2008. (Elliot, 2008) Though Nintendo is more successful in developing game platforms, but the real focus of the company is on producing games rather than only platforms. (Ackerson, 2008).

Week1CR Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week1CR - Essay Example In the global market, today, a number of corporations are working hard to ensure that their customers are loyal to their brand. One of the companies is the Apple Company that moves with the latest trends in the technology world by investing heavily in research and development of products, which satisfies the needs of their customers in the global market (Iyler & Bejou, 2003). Wal-Mart stores, which are establishing in different countries in the world ensure that they have as many products as possible less than one roof. This enables the customers to shop in one location. To ensure that they are loyal to the Wal-Mart, they award their customers reward points that can be redeemed to buy different products in the stores. This enables them to build long-term relationships with all their customers due to this engagement throughout the year. Consumer loyalty however depends on the kind of services and efficiency of the brand to the

The value of liquid based cytology compared to conventional smear in Essay

The value of liquid based cytology compared to conventional smear in fine neddle aspiration of cytology - Essay Example Also termed as Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC), it is a simple, quick and inexpensive method used to diagnose superficial surface masses, and is especially useful in sampling the accessible head and neck masses in outpatient department (Pilotti et al 1993). Masses located within the region of the head and neck, including salivary gland and thyroid gland, cervical masses and nodules, and intraoral lesions can be readily diagnosed using this technique. It is the procedure of choice in outpatient departments, especially for the lesion of head and neck. Some of such studies have been considered here to comprehend the differences and efficacies of each of the two techniques FNAC proves to be better than conventional smear in a number of ways. It is relatively safe since it is pretty much noninvasive when it comes to diagnosing malignancies, to which the only alternative before the advent of FNA was open excision biopsy. The most commonly encountered lesions in this area are lumps or swellings. The differential is important to rule out the malignancy, which is the most suspected diagnosis (Lee et al 1987, Skoog et al 2009). The technique is relatively easy to perform, fairly accurate and well tolerated by the patients. It is associated with low morbidity as it causes minimal suffering and carries next to no risk of complications. Its accuracy turns out to be the major reason for its preference over the conventional Pap smear. Numerous studies have been conducted in the area to analyze the advantages and pitfalls of both the techniques. The critical review below will outline various studies and help establish a view point about the two and reveal the superiority of FNAC. 1. Parfitt et al (2007) conducted a research to analyze the accuracy given by the two techniques. CS offers more accurate diagnosis more often. Accuracy offered by CS was 57% as compared to just 42% with that of thinprep. Thinprep has a higher

David Cronenberg's A History Of Violence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

David Cronenberg's A History Of Violence - Essay Example The family, its struggles and its entirety are the focus of the story. Millbrook, Indiana, and the Stall residence are the structure in which Tom establishes his identity. The mise en scne is alive with little embellishments that suggest good nature and an ingenuousness of being. A History of Violence depicts the life of a small-town diner owner, Tom Stall (Viggo Mortensen), and his close-knit family of four. After defending their lives, killing two thugs during a robbery attempt, Tom becomes a local hero and, in turn, finds himself at the receiving end of some real trouble. The action is brutal, fast and sloppy but in many ways it gives the audience what they expect for the two wicked fellows. Tom's newfound celebrity brings Philadelphia mobster Carl Fogarty (Ed Harris) to Millbrook insisting that Tom is actually a man named Joey Cusack who Fogarty clearly has some unfinished business with - bringing you to a dimension where sudden burst of extreme violence takes place out of domestic tranquility. A History of Violence has an interesting technique. Most violent movies have a steady stream of violence spread throughout the film. Occasionally the violence will go over the top in an attempt to shock the audience, but the shock effect usually isn't strong. When the audience knows violence is coming, they can be somewhat prepared for it whether it is mild or extremely graphic. Peter Suschitzky's cinematography is definitely the b... Peter Suschitzky's cinematography is definitely the best. Colors come out rich and bright and brilliant; images are sharp, concise and clear, black's are dark and contrast comes out as it should; this is because Cronenberg and Director of Photography Peter Suschitzky have used a 27mm lens. A standard lens is 50mm focal length, so 27mm is very much a wide angle lens. To create 'normal' framings, the camera has to be placed closer and care is needed to avoid distortion. The effect is unnerving although a scene looks conventional, it feels wide of the mark SOUND English Dolby Digital 5.1 and Dolby stereo soundtracks are presented. The 5.1 makes great use of the set up as needed. Music comes through in all speakers but doesn't overwhelm. Sound effects come through sharply as does the dialogue, mostly pumped through the center channel. There was no noticeable distortion anywhere. New Line has presented a fine audio mix to accompany a fine video transfer. Sound adds life to the story as to signify the intense feeling of the characters, and the extremes of every scene, especially the extremely distressing violence. ASSESSMENT While it's just right, the film skillfully draws its audience into the graphic nature of violence and the way it later affects the film's protagonists. Some people might ignore the drama developed by Tom's actions, but Cronenberg handles the drama in such a way that is very effective; it doesn't come across as melodramatic. Everyone closely associated to Tom is changed or, at the very least, forced to look the consequences of their actions. The idea that violence breeds more violence and whether or not the vengeful and unforgiving instinct for destruction is imbedded in human DNA is in the heart of almost every scene. The