tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19021232886760498142024-03-07T22:50:30.426-08:00Create your own writing paperhhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.comBlogger134125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-14418780112240811372020-08-26T19:34:00.001-07:002020-08-26T19:34:05.726-07:00Battle of Thermopylae Essay Example for FreeSkirmish of Thermopylae Essay 300 is a fictionalized portrayal of the 460 B. C. Clash of Thermopylae. Adjusted from Frank Millerââ¬â¢s realistic novel 300, chief Zack Snyder clearly focused on this true to life exhibition as verifiable as the Spartanââ¬â¢s greatness. Driven by King Leonidas (Gerard Butler), the 300 best Spartan troopers battled to death against the Persian King Xerxesââ¬â¢ (Rodrigo Santoro) crusade of administering the universe of men, spare the last one named Dilios (David Wenham) who lived to announce the magnificence of the 300 and obviously, relate the story from the introduction of King Leonidas to the rigors of a Spartan soldierââ¬â¢s life. Through this story strategy, we are brought to the universe of unusual confronted warriors, excellent and reviled prophets, sex blow out, 460 B. C. political insidious and huge fantastical brutes that made the entire film an activity chronicled dream rather than a study hall verifiable narrative. Made by CGI special visualizations innovation, the film is a picture duplication of the first comic book. The unworldly animals became animated, a negligible number of throws looked a hundred thousand or somewhere in the vicinity, the stunning all encompassing foreboding shadows added a lot of dramatization to the dim scenes and the downpour of guts and blood were unmistakably implied for activity suckers instead of the shoe supporters. In reality, human butcher never looked so lovely. Be that as it may, you don't should be a comic book or a PC movement fan to appreciate this true to life milestone. The cinematography is the thing that catches your eye in an alternate manner as Gladiator or Lord of the Rings or Troy could possibly do. In spite of the fact that I need to include that joining a portion of the said moviesââ¬â¢ most ideal chances like the Gladiatorââ¬â¢s bright wheat field scene, the olliphant-like animals from LotR and the birdââ¬â¢s eye see regiment shots from Troy, gave us a few minutes kind of history repeating itself however by and large, Snyder got his work done entirely well in making this 460 B. C fight fantastically convincing. From the edges to the shading plans, the 300 film seemed as though an actually cleaned storyboard. Each edge is excellent and each board is a true to life feast. Not at all like the in fact benchmarking battle among Hector and Achilles in Troy, the battles in 300 are taken NOT from a vantage purpose of an observer, yet from an eye level of someone who has a place in the battleâ⬠¦ someone who moves in the fight. Loaded up with moderate movement shots, the edge nearly sticks to give a further zoom of the astounding successions. The impact? All things considered, the crowd were carried up close and personal to the adventure of the Battle of Thermopylae than they would ever envision. The manner in which the film streamed gave us a comic book feel to pretty much every scene except liberated us from the beautiful sight sparkle of the comic book. The tied monster Persians, the disease looking older folks and warriors, the unbelievably arranged battles and the lance causing blood showers looked fiercely more staggering than what paint brushes or computer game film-production would ever do. The incongruity of the unique effectsââ¬â¢ sway on making a scene of the past while setting a realistic future increased 300 its more extensive acknowledgment. The unbelievable visuals were ridiculous frantic and savage, which is actually what that time is about and what our time attempts to remember, in fact. We know how this is made. Shots were inside against a blue screen and the foundations were included utilizing CGI procedures. (Film buffs get the hang of this strategy after Twilight delivered a selective narrative of the CGI behind their film). Lacking of an elite player throws and costly shooting areas, we can say that the movieââ¬â¢s enhanced visualizations got everyone's attention. Indeed, even Gerard Butlerââ¬â¢s directing voice won't be given that much stunningness without the small acoustic touch. Be that as it may, the visual methods which so enormously utilized didnââ¬â¢t simply become the movieââ¬â¢s achievement however too the motion pictures fizzling. Having it overwhelm the substance made pundits not so much reveled but rather more grumbling. Many said that whatever the film hugely have in style, it needs human feelings and consequently miss the mark in depicting the recorded Battle of Thermopylae as a mankind's history, not an epic from a different universe. Spare Queen Gorgoââ¬â¢s (Lena Headey) shot to energize support for her significant other, every one of those fight addresses sounded vain for lacking edge bolsters. In any case, of course, the R rating could well cause us to comprehend that itââ¬â¢s the bleeding, fierce tricks that made us pay for the two-hour perfectly produced torments. To cite King Leonidas, ââ¬Å"a new age has come, another freedomâ⬠â⬠¦ I surmise, we simply need to grasp it. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-43136118758989663982020-08-22T09:17:00.001-07:002020-08-22T09:17:22.514-07:00Career Development EssayProfession Development Essay Hop to: Phases of Career Development | Career Development System | Steps for Career Development Plan | How to Create a Career Plan | Career Plan Example | Conclusions and Recommendations Presentation At the point when we were kids, all of us where considering being something or having explicit employment later on. Huge numbers of us were thinking to be specialists, instructors, police officer, pilot and so on But arriving at these positions or landed these positions won't be simple without comprehending what are we acceptable at and what are simply the ears that we need to develop ourselves in. Likewise on the off chance that we need to land these positions or positions we ought to have objectives and we need to function as hard as possible to achieve these objectives. All of us ought to have a vocation plan as a main priority when we move on from colleges or montage or even before that when we move on from secondary school on the grounds that having plan is consistently inspire us to study, work and create ourselves so as to accomplish and achieve our arrangement. At the point when we land our first position we ought to request vocation advancement plan and it will be greatly improved in the event that we could draw this arrangement ourselves since we realize what our qualities and shortcoming and we recognize what are the best trainings and projects we should take so as to develop ourselves. Vocation advancement is significant viewpoint in our working life and individual life. In our working life its significant in light of the fact that nobody of us needs or wishes to remain and a similar activity and a similar situation for ever, without creating or having the profession advancement plan we won't have the option to develop ourselves and get advanced. In our own life it is imperative to have vocation improvement plan we will have the option to make our families and companions cheerful and glad for us on the grounds that by having the profession advancement plan we will have the option to arrive at our objectives that we have consistently dream of. This paper is discussing the profession improvement and vocation advancement plan and how it is significant for the representatives and the associations. Vocation DEVELOPMENT Presently days there are numerous individuals change their vocations more than one time in their lives. For these individuals who change their profession for multiple occasions, they should know and comprehend the significant of the vocation advancement. (John Groth) The profession advancement is the conventional methodology utilized by the association to assist individuals with gaining the aptitudes and encounters expected to perform present and future occupations. (R. Wayne Mondy) The profession improvement process is the investigating of your abilities and what are your qualities and shortcoming. Profession improvement is additionally similar to an arrangement you structure it yourself to help you ahead of time through your vocation. (John Groth) The Roles of the Managers and the Employees in the Career Development (R. Wayne Mondy) Directors Evaluating the Performance Training and Supporting Controlling and Counseling Giving Feedback Providing Information Representatives Self Assessment Get-together Data Defining Goals Working with Supervisor Creating Plan THE THREE STAGES OF THE CAREER DEVELOPMENT: The First Stage is the Bring It in front of an audience: this is the principal stage in the vocation life. The age of the individuals in this stage is from the mid 20s to the mid 30s. Individuals in this phase of their profession improvement are dynamic, solid and ground-breaking. They decide to positively shape the universe of work. The majority of the individuals in this stage feel that they are solid and ready to do all that they requested likewise they can make what they need to occur. Achievement and conceivable outcomes are boundless during this stage. (Dan Strakal) The Second Stage is the Realistic Stage: the age of the individuals in this stage is from the mid 30s to mid 40s. During this stage explicit qualities and vocation real factors start to come out. At the purpose of the profession advancement, individuals of this stage feel that the qualities could make a contention between picking needs in their work life and their home lives. In the wake of going through 10 to 15 years in the workforce, individuals in this stage feel that they may not having the option to do what they were intending to by any means, since some of them are feeling that they are not controlling their own vocation predetermines. (Dan Strakal) The Third Stage is the Reinvention Stage: this is the last stage in the profession improvement. The age of the individuals in this stage is from the mid 40s to retirement. This stage begins when individuals started to reclassifying and accommodating their work life and individual life. Individuals during this stage have gained from numerous difficulties that they were looking in the last pervious stages and this is the best time to be center in making an inheritance of explicit commitments to be associated with in their vocations, their families and their networks. (Dan Strakal) THE ROLES OF THE LEADERS AND MANAGERS DURING THE THREE STAGES OF THE CAREER DEVELOPMENT : They need to discover approaches to coordinate people groups esteems, convictions, and practices to undertakings and errands. For instance it will be extraordinary on the off chance that they appointee individuals who are in the Bring it in front of an audience to the assignments or undertakings which need and required bunches of vitality. Get the individuals who are in the Realistic Stage to esteem included activities or errands so they can feel drew in and a piece of something significant and significant. For the individuals who are in the Reinvention Stage, pioneers and chief ought to get them in activities, for example, observing projects, organization history activities or administration advancement programs. (Dan Strakal) Chiefs and pioneer ought to comprehend the and information the three phases so as to have the option to forestall and tackle issues and clashes that might be happen because of profession advancement contrasts in qualities and viewpoints. (Dan Strakal) The Assessment Phase: The individuals who consider fruitful and fulfilling vocation need to comprehend themselves first. They additionally need to know how in what direction they can perform best at working environment. One of the key factors in vocation advancement is work fulfillment. Employment fulfillment is at its most noteworthy when the activity draws in the most grounded character characteristics of an individual and when the activity is in accordance with people esteems and perspectives. The fit among worker and association, as far as association nature and culture, legitimately influences representatives vocation advancement, execution and opportunities to succeed. Administration abilities are one of the key factors in vocation advancement, as well. Capacity to adapt to pressure adequately is another significant factor in profession achievement. Appraisals can assist people with understanding their favored exercises, work style, learn most ideal methods of working with others, and oversee clashe s. Encourages the improvement, arrangement, and mix of by and large hierarchical viability and capacities . Screens progress after some time . The appraisal assesses authoritative methodologies (forms), the degree to which they are conveyed, assessed/improved, adjusted, and incorporated all through the association, and their adequacy at driving hierarchical outcomes. Association evaluations are utilized for learning and improvement. Much like a yearly wellbeing physical, this instrument assists administrators with bettering comprehend what is functioning admirably and on what they ought to center their improvement endeavors. In any case, the genuine estimation of an appraisal is its capacity to improve execution to improve results and drive substantial authoritative outcomes. Furthermore, a couple of studies have demonstrated the estimation of an evaluation and foundational the executives system. Authoritative Assessment Open and private associations are unpredictable frameworks of communicating parts. So as to appropriately check the associations execution and its availability for transform, it is basic to take part in an evaluation for sure fire criticism and comprehension of issues, for example, Jobs and duties Work atmosphere Gathering elements Preparing needs Culture and standards Group conduct Interchanges Work forms Hierarchical Assessment Sequence Hierarchical Assessment is an orderly technique to accumulate data about an association, analyze explicit difficulties, and create approaches to address them. Compelling appraisal ought to be viewed as a window into the association, giving understanding into basic issues. It is the foundation of any change procedure, and gives the premise to deciding how an association will accomplish its vision. Status for change is a demonstrated and basic proportion of accomplishment. Evaluation is the initial phase in understanding the intricacy of associations and fundamental in estimating the conditions that are important for fruitful change. An intensive appraisal will help with building up a powerful change plan. The data accumulated gives the association a comprehension of its availability for change, just as the activities that will be fundamental for fruitful change. Hierarchical Assessments are a great initial move towards making a move to start positive authoritative change. Overseeing hierarchical change is a significant test for pioneers at all levels today. In surveying the viability of an association, it is imperative to initially comprehend its utilitarian reason . Self Assessment: Self evaluation is the initial step of the vocation arranging process. During a self evaluation you assemble data about yourself so as to settle on an educated profession choice. A self evaluation ought to incorporate a glance at the accompanying: Qualities: the things that are essential to you, similar to accomplishment, status, and self-governance Interests: what you appreciate doing, for example playing golf, going for long strolls, spending time with companions Character: a people singular qualities, inspirational drives, needs, and perspectives Notwithstanding figuring out what youre great at, an aptitudes evaluation likewise helps make sense of what we appreciate doing. The bearing stage: One of the most basic and significant stage during the time spent vocation improvement for workers in any association is the bearing stage that goes about as a brilliant connection between the appraisal and advancement stages since it has two principle jobs by driving the iden hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-18124098384036650872020-08-21T06:33:00.001-07:002020-08-21T06:33:37.931-07:00The Ultimate Guide to Personalization The Ultimate Guide to Personalization When historians write about this period of economic history, they will call it the age of the customer. The age of the customer is a term used to describe the age in which customers are now more empowered than ever before. Today, customers can get more information about more products at the touch of a button. Though it feels common place to most people, this is a truly revolutionary period in a very long history of commerce and trade.Because customers have greater access to products and services than ever before, the competition for their business is also greater than it previously was. No longer limited geographically, it is easy for a customer in Texas to order from an artist in Hawaii. People from all over the world can discover new merchants with the click of a button. However, this also means that they can change their loyalty just as quickly.To combat the huge fluctuations in customer turnover, businesses have turned to relationship marketing to build stronger relationships wit h their customers. One of the fastest growing strategies in relationship marketing is called personalization. © Shutterstock.com | OllyyThis guide will teach you on 1) what is personalization, 2) why customers want personalization, and 3) how to personalize your marketing.WHAT IS PERSONALIZATION?Personalization is a comprehensive strategy that requires a business to calibrate its strategy to be focused on the individual consumer. This is different than segmentation or re-segmentation of a market because even if a market segment is broken down into a smaller segment, it still requires a business to reach a group of people rather than an individual. Thus, when personalization strategists talk about the individual, they really do mean creating an experience that is customized for one individual.Personalization is not about finding a software application to address each consumer individually in an email heading. Although there is something that consumers find comforting about seeing their names, personalization has transcended these simple greetings and has instead opted for a fully customizabl e experience in which every detail from greeting to format to timing is tailored directly to the customer.To make this happen, marketers use the information gleaned from a meaningful customer relationship. When this relationship is used to generate data about an individual, marketers can use this data to create a unique experience for the individual customer.This information might come from facts provided by the customer. The rise of detailed online profiles provides much of this information. For example, Marriott Rewards members can customize their online profiles to include all of their travel preferences right down to the type of pillows they prefer in their hotel room.This information may also be based on the behaviors the customers exhibits or predictions based on the customerâs future needs. Marriott may look at a Marriott Rewardâs memberâs activity to see which brands they frequently search for. Marriott can see if a member is more interested in the Courtyard brand loca ted in suburban areas or if they are interested in the high end JW Marriott Brand. This activity about past behaviors can not only provide predictions about what kind of hotels that member is interested in. It can help Marriott better sell those hotels by allowing Marriott to alert that member when there is a special offer from the brands and areas they are most interested in.This kind of marketing may at first seem uncomfortable. However, upon further examination, it is easy to see why both customers and businesses find that it is worth the investment. For businesses, content personalization of this nature offers an ROI that is worth adopting. It costs 62% less than traditional marketing methods; yet, it generates almost triple the number of leads. The benefits for customers, however, are more psychological.Find out about the 5 key personalization statistics you should know.[slideshare id=36352150doc=5personalizationstats-140626153253-phpapp02w=640h=330]WHY CUSTOMERS WANT PERSONALI ZATIONLike many marketing trends, personalization began as a luxury item. It was first available to visionaries and those with deep pockets. After all, it costs a lot of money for Marriott to learn about what kind of pillows its loyal customers prefer. The benefit of this kind of individual data was not immediately visible on a business level. When it is considered in the context of the customer, it is invaluable.The value that personalized data offers businesses can no longer be ignored or overlooked. Personalization is now a necessity because the old methods of reaching customers are fizzling out. Old methods have fizzled so much that some marketers debated whether it was more likely that a customer would survive a plane crash than click on a segmented banner ad. This is a bold statement that is mostly false because there are still more people who, willfully or accidentally, click on advertisements than die in plane crashes.But if you think about the last banner ad you saw, you of ten have one of two reactions. The first is that you do not even remember the content of the last banner ad you saw. The second reaction is that you did not find that ad remotely compelling enough to click on it.The poor performance of banner ads is now being compounded by ad blocking software. Now that internet users are blocking ads on their computers and their mobile devices, the time that businesses have to adjust marketing strategies is growing shorter. If you want to reach customers, personalization is now one of the cheapest and most effect methods.Personalization is not the result of a marketing trend made popular by big agencies with deep pockets. Customers today want real engagement. The more personal this engagement is, the more valued it is by customers. They want a business who wants to meet their needs. That business does not need to be a small, boutique business. It can be a huge brand that serves millions of customers.The key is to make it easier for every customer t o find what they want. Customers do not want to feel like they are being âsoldâ, especially if the pitch is regarding products or services that they have no interest in. Personalization works well here because the strategy feels less like an elevator pitch and more like a helpful hint. However, personalization transcends the sales process in two unique ways.When an experience is tailored to an individual, that individual feels more in control. Even though you are still in control of the customerâs experience, the fact that they feel that they have more control over their outcome has a positive influence on their mindset. This is a huge distinction in the sales process for customers because one of the biggest roadblocks in sales and marketing is the customerâs innate fear of being sold something. Yes, customers want to buy. But they want that purchase to be their decision â" not yours.Secondly, customers are tired of being fed information they donât want. Despite greater a ccess to information, customers today have less time to make a purchasing decision. Even high-end purchases are rushed because this is an age where the next model is right around the corner.When companies personalize information for a specific customerâs needs, that customer does not feel like they are being overloaded with information. Instead, the customer feels like they have all the information that they were looking for right in front of them. This relieves a second roadblock on the path to sales. It eliminates the customerâs fear that they will be sold something they never wanted in the first place.Some great learnings from Netflix personalizing their offering.[slideshare id=38659840doc=contentwisewebinar-10lessonsnetflix-140903140643-phpapp02w=640h=330]HOW TO PERSONALIZE YOUR MARKETINGNow that you know more about what personalization is, it is easier to create a marketing plan that fits this structure. A personalization marketing plan will often be broken down into four d istinct parts: targeting the customer, sending the message, executing the strategy and delivering the personalization.Targeting the CustomerPersonalization requires a wealth of customer data. Rather than focusing on market segments, it requires businesses to take on real, individual data. A rich user profile can help marketers achieve this insight.User profiles should not be set up to provide you with basic data like names, income bracket or contact details.Be sure to collect data from the customer that can help you learn more about the customer. This data should be relevant to your product and service as well as easy to collect. Avoid forcing the customer to type too much or push too many buttons. Instead, collect as much information as possible on one page without compromising the utility of the page.For example, an airline would not collect only names and contact details when creating a user profile for customers. It would allow customers to enter details like meal preferences, s eat preferences as well as any further interests that are applicable to the product.This works because it masquerades itself under the guise of convenience. Customers will happily provide a small amount of relevant personal details if it means that their next flight will be enhanced or more convenient in some way.Personalization should not just be informed by online behaviors. Retailers, in particular, should focus on offline behaviors, as well. Both sets of behaviors are required for greater insight and better advertising.To do this, you need to create an ongoing one-on-one relationship between your business and your customer. Relationship marketing only works if a relationship is being fostered over time. This relationship needs to be long term and needs to anticipate customer needs today and tomorrow.Sending the Right MessageThe messages you send to customers must be relevant to the data that you have collected. From a customer point of view, there is nothing worse than providing details to a company only to be spammed about products that the customer is only vaguely interested in.More than this, the language that you use to send the message needs to match the content. You do not want to send a message that sounds like you ran a customerâs data through a software program and came up with a result. Even though this is what happens behind the scenes, that will feel more intrusive to customers. It will also eat away at the personalization goals rather than contributing to them.Furthermore, the tactics you use need to be genuine. Showing customers an ad for something they just viewed on your website is not personalized marketing. It needs to speak to the needs and habits of the individual consumer in a way that captivates them. The goal of your message should be to leave your customer wondering how you knew that they were interested in that product but still being grateful that you found out.Executing the StrategyOnce you have your message, you need to think about execution and timing the message. The timing within which a customer receives the message is almost as important as the message itself.Example: A customer returns to your site regularly to browse the cost of flights from New York to Los Angeles in April. To personalize their messages, you are sending them a personalized message letting them know about new, cheaper services between New York and similar destinations in California. However, you would want to make sure that this message is sent out with plenty of time for them to buy before their travel dates.The key to great execution is to use the data you have to find the exact time that a customer will be most receptive to the message that you are sending. Most people need to take time off of work. They also want time to plan a trip. Offering a personalized ad for a last minute flight to a customer who has been looking at the same flight for six months will probably not result in a purchase.You also want to mix up the timing o f your strategies between an âact nowâ strategy and an informational message. This allows the customer to allow themselves to take advantage of flash sales occasionally but also allows them to put more planning into their purchase as well. Achieving a balance is a good plan for execution because it does not put too much pressure on the customer but still encourages them to make impulse purchase occasionally.Delivering PersonalizationDelivering the personalized message needs to take place in real-time across several channels. This kind of coordinated approach is necessary for driving interaction between the customer and the business.Delivery is also an important part of executing the strategy. While it is easy to reach millions of people at once, it has simultaneously become harder to reach just one individual. A cross-channel delivery is one of the best ways to deliver personalized messages because it helps ensure that the customer receives the message. For example, you could s end the airline customer an email and a notification in the airlineâs mobile application to better increase the chances of the customer seeing the message and acting on it. The easier it is to find the message and act on it, the more success the message will have.When you are delivering personalized messages, you should also be considering your follow up message delivery. The amount of follow up you do will depend on the number of messages you intend to send.You want to find a balance between sending enough messages to remind customers about your first message. You want to keep the emails limited enough to make the offers feel exclusive; however, you want to offer reminders as well.CONCLUSIONPersonalization used to be the marketing strategy of the future, but today, it is a tactic that a business should be adopting sooner rather than later. Personalization offers customers all of the benefits that they love about small, local businesses. It allows them to learn about products tha t they are interested in without having to sift through mountains of information. It also allows them to do so in a sphere that feels more private to them than the traditional marketing experience.A great personalized marketing experience should remind a customer of a visit to their local baker. There is nothing better than the baker rewarding your loyalty by setting aside your favorite pastry to make sure that you get one before they run out.Big and small companies can replicate this experience by investing time and money into gathering essential and relevant data about their customers. Whether it is the type of pillows they prefer or the customerâs shoe size, a business of any size can recreate the feeling of getting the very last bear claw straight from the bakerâs oven. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-33031118732674733762020-05-24T20:43:00.001-07:002020-05-24T20:43:05.393-07:00Synthesis of New Solid Forms of Bumetanide and Their Characterization - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1843 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/03/18 Category Analytics Essay Level High school Tags: Characterization Essay Did you like this example? 1. INTRODUCTION Bumetanide (BUM) is a loop diuretic of the sulfamyl category, (3-(butylamino)-4-phenoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid) most often used to treat heart failure. Most often used in the people whom high dose of furosemide or other diuretics are ineffective. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Synthesis of New Solid Forms of Bumetanide and Their Characterization" essay for you Create order The main differences between bumetanide and furosemide are the bioavailability and potency. Mostly 60 percent of furosemide is absorbed in the intestine, and these are substantial inter and intra-individual differences in the bioavailability (range 10-90%). About 80 percent of bumetanide is absorbed, and these absorption does not change when it is taken with food. It is said to be a more diuretics, meaning that the predictable absorption is reflected in a more predictable effect. Bumetanide drug are 40 times more potent than furosemide for patients with normal renal function. It is sometimes used for weight loss because, use as a diuretic, and removes water from body. The study of solid state chemistry of pharmaceutical solid focuses on all disciplines right from drug discovery to successful marketing. A clear understanding of the molecular structure can lead to a better design and control of the drug performance. Moreover, interest in the subject of pharmaceutical solids stems in th e part from FDAs substance guideline that states appropriate analytical procedures to be used to detect polymorphic, cocrystals, hydrated or amorphous forms of the drug substance. Solid forms are usually more stable than liquid counterpart. The main factors which affect the oral route absorption are aqueous solubility, physical/chemical stability, and permeability. The fundamental parameters, i.e. aqueous solubility and gastrointestinal permeability which define oral drug absorption are used as the basis for the BCS classification scheme. These biopharmaceutical classes are defined as below figure.-01 Solubility and permeability parameters defined by FDA and according to it, A drug substance is considered highly soluble when the highest strength is soluble in 250 mL or less of aqueous media within the pH range of 1- 6.8 at 37 ?à ± 1?à °C and A drug substance is considered to be highly permeable when the systemic Bioavailability or the extent of absorption in the humans is determin ed to be 85 percent or more in to the administered dose based on a mass balance determination (along with evidence showing stability of the drug in the GI tract ) or in comparison to an intravenous reference dose. 1 Bumetanide is the diuretics agent, belongs to BCS class II. A survey by Lin et al.3 revealed that almost 40% of marketed medicines and 90% of emerging new chemical entities suffer from poor solubility which allows them to be eliminated from the gastrointestinal tract before they get completely dissolved and absorbed into the blood circulation, thus results in low bioavailability, less potency, and higher dose strength. For these classes of drugs, higher dose strength would be required to ensure therapeutic concentration in blood but it may lead to adverse or toxic effects on the recipients body. Thus, new solid forms of the API, which may overcome these problems without affecting the chemical nature of it, greatly reduces the risk, time and cost in development. 1.1. Types of solids forms: Longer range order shorter range order Crystalline Amorphous Liquid crystalline Single component multiple component Ionic non-ionic Polymorphs Salt Molecular adduct Solvates/Hydrates Cocrystal Solid is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others are liquid, gas, and plasma). Solids molecules are closely packed. These are characterized by structural rigidity and resistance to changes in the shape or volume. Unlike a liquid, or a solid object does not flow to take on the shape of its container, nor does it expand to fill the entire volume available to it like a gas does. All atoms in a solid are tightly bound to each other, either in a regular geometric lattice (crystalline solids, which include metals and ordinary ice) or irregularly (an amorphous solid such as common window glass). Solids cannot be compressed within the little pressure whereas gases can be compressed within little pressure because in gases molecules are loosely packed. In mate rials science, polymorphism is the ability in a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure. Polymorphism can potentially be found in the any crystalline material including polymers, minerals, and metals, and is compare to allotropy, which refers to chemical elements. Most pharmaceutical molecules are polymorphic. Polymorphism is an ability of a chemical compound to crystallize depending on the crystallization conditions in different crystal structures alias polymorphs. Molecules in the crystal structure of a Polymorphs are bonded by weak interactions (H-bridges, Van-der Waals forces, - interactions). Amorphous materials have an internal structure made up of inter-connected structural blocks. This blocks can be similar to the basic structural units found in the corresponding crystalline phase of the same compound. Whether a material is liquid or solid depends upon the primarily connectivity between its elementary building blocks so that solids are characteriz ed by a high degree of connectivity whereas structural blocks in fluids have lower connectivity. In pharma industry, the amorphous drugs are shown to have higher bioavailability than their crystalline counter parts due to the high solubility of amorphous phase. Moreover, certain compounds can undergoes precipitation in their amorphous form in vivo, and they can decrease each others bioavailability if administered together. 1.2. Crystal Engineering: Crystal engineering developed over the past 65 years as a natural outcome of the interplay between crystallography and chemistry. Chemistry deals with the molecules while crystallography deals with regularly arranged molecules. The term Crystal engineering was coined by pepinsky in the year 1955. According to pepinsky, crystallization of organic ions with a metal-containing complex ion of suitable sizes, charges and solubilitys result in structures with cells and symmetries determined chiefly by packing of complex ions. These cells and symmetries are to be good extent controllable; hence crystals with advantageous properties can be engineered. Crystal engineering is an interdisciplinary area in chemistry, which bridges, chemistry and crystallography. In the present decade, research is mainly focused on controlling the directionality and strength of intermolecular interaction in the design of molecular crystals. A. I. Kitagorodskii gave the definition of the molecular crystal which state that, within a molecular crystal, it is possible to identify groups of atoms such that for every atom of a group, at least one inter atomic distance within this group is significantly shorter than the smallest inter atomic distance to an atom in another group. 4 He invoked a question, molecule to crystal, he stated that packing of molecular solids was largely governed by considerations of size and shape, the so-called principle of packing. Today, X-ray crystallography is a matured science and has a far-reaching impact on material characterization. The structural insights obtained from crystal structure analysis led to unprecedented developments in electronic devices, mineralogy, geosciences, material science, and pharmaceuticals. Detailed knowledge of accurate structural information of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) is a prerequisite for rational drug design and synthesis of new chemical entities for the development of new medicines. As research progressed with time, the focus shifted to multicomponent molecular crystals (cocrystals). The knowledge obtained from the analysis of the crystal structures is used in the selection of conformer for cocrystal design. A successful cocrystal synthesis requires the understanding of supramol ecular synthons that occur most frequently between the functional groups of cocrystals components. Hence, the design of cocrystals for a given molecule starts with analyzing the functional groups available on that molecule and finding complementary functional groups which would likely form predictable supramolecular synthons. Thus, the conformer selection in a cocrystal design strategy reinforces a more significant role of the knowledge of intermolecular interactions which is often drawn from X-ray crystal structure analysis. In a crystal, molecules are associated with a specific pattern of non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonds, halogen bonds,5 and -stacking. Over the past century, single-crystal X-ray diffraction has proven to be an important tool for unambiguous determination of crystal structure, and thus, assisted in ground-breaking analysis of material properties. Concerning cocrystals, structural characterization (a) establishes the reliability of cocrystal design s trategy, (b) reveals hydrogen bind preferences of the functional groups, and (c) provides insights into structure-property correlation. Crystal engineering is a concept of great application and scope. Presently, it focuses on more practical applications such as pharmaceutical cocrystals and high energy materials, etc. Fig.1. Crystal engineering involves modification Of the crystal packing of a solid material by changing the intermolecular interactions.6 1.3. Non-covalent Interactions: Non-covalent interactions are ubiquitous in chemistry and are the primary source of stability for many molecular complexes in biological, pharmacological. Chemical, physical, and material sciences, etc. while traditional chemistry focuses on the covalent bond, crystal engineering and supramolecular chemistry exploit the non-covalent interactions which hold molecules together in a crystal lattice. These forces include hydrogen bonding, metal coordination, hydrophobic forces, Van-der Waals forces, - inte ractions and electrostatic effect. 1.4. Hydrogen Bond (strong and weak): Hydrogen bonds are electrostatic and play an essential role in stabilizing the molecular aggregates. Nernst first introduced the phenomenon of hydrogen bong formation in 1891.7 Bernel and huggins proposed the term Hydrogen bond in the year of 1935-36.8 In the year of 1939, Linus pauling defined the hydrogen bond as under certain conditions, an atom of hydrogen is attracted by rather strong forces to two atom instead of only one, so that it may be considered to acting as a bond between them. The more elaborative and expanded definitions were given by many scientists as the increased interest of research in this field, which include Pimentel and McClellan (1960),9 IUPAC stated that the hydrogen bond (designated as D-HA, where acceptor A and donor D are electronegative atoms) is an attractive interaction between a hydrogen atom from a fragment or molecule D-H in which D is more electronegative is that H, and an atom or a group of atoms A, in the sam e or different molecule where there is evidence of bond formation. Depending on the nature of the donor and acceptor atoms which constitute the bond, their geometry, and environment, the energy of a hydrogen bond can vary between 1 and 40 kcal/mol. The hydrogen bond is not a simple interaction but a complex conglomerate of at least four component interaction types: electrostatics (acid/base), polarization (hard/soft), van der Waals (dispersion/repulsion) and covalency (charge-transfer). It is neither a strong van der Waals interaction nor a weak covalent bond. It is not even a strong directional dipole-dipole interaction. For geometrical parameters of hydrogen bond see figure-2. This interaction characterized through X-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, NMR, FT-IR and RAMAN spectroscopes. Three types of hydrogen bond exist very strong, strong and weak(table 1.1). 11 Because of this dual nature (very strong/weak), it attract many scientists all over the world. Hydrogen bonds are electrostatic interactions, but the proportions of electrostatic character can vary. A more expanded proposed definition of a hydrogen bond is as any interaction X-HA with a shallower energy/distance dependence should be termed as a hydrogen bond. Table No.01: Classification of Jeffrey11 for strong, moderate, and weak hydrogen bonds (the numerical data are guiding values only) Strong Moderate Weak interaction type strongly covalent mostly electrostatic electrostatic/dispersive bond length [?â⬠¦] HA 1.2-1.5 1.5-2.2 2.2 lengthening of X-H 0.08-0.25 0.02-0.08 130 90 bond energy [kcal/mol] 15-40 4-15 hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-65715658596224464382020-05-14T03:41:00.001-07:002020-05-14T03:41:10.139-07:00Mgt 450 - Week 5 Final Paper - 4034 Words Acting Strategic Growth Plan For DTAG Student Name MGT450: Strategic Planning for Organizations Instructor: Carol Hooper-Boyd August 12, 2013 Acting Strategic Growth Plan For DTAG Strategic management is very important in the business world. It is the way leaders or organizations steer their company to success over both the short- and long-term. It encompasses a host of decisions that range from what the company will produce, to how it will compete in its industry, to how it will grow over time. At the heart of strategic management is strategic planning. In this paper, the company Dollar Thrifty Automotive Group, Inc., will be analyzed as a strategic plan is presented in regards to growing the business over the next three years.â⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦With the purchase of DTAG by Hertz, it effectively changes this to just three major organizations and should give Hertz Dollar Thrifty the edge in market share since both were major players on their own before the acquisition. As a current employee for the organization, I have a lot of insight as to what makes the company tick as well as where it may fall short in servicing its customers and employees. Due to the high level of competition in the car rental industry, which is predominantly based on price, there is not a lot of distinction between competitors. How DTAG tries to differentiate itself from the industry, though, is by trying to facilitate a smooth transaction for its customers with excellent customer service from all aspects of the rental transaction. An example of such a smooth transaction is the fact that at many locations (including the one that I work at), the rental agents do not assign a vehicle at the rental counter. Once the rental agreement is set up and a car class is selected, the customer goes out to the parking lot and chooses any vehicle they like from the selected car class. Also, if the customer would like to, they could choose to upgrade to another car class with the lot agents that are outside. This effectively keeps the lines at the rental counter moving while also putting some control in the hands of the customer. It also streamlines the rental process to allow the rental agents to take care of moreShow MoreRelatedIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words à |à 679 PagesEducation Singapore Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education Canada, Ltd. Pearson Educationââ¬âJapan Pearson Education Australia Pty. Limited Pearson Education North Asia Ltd. Pearson Educacià ³n de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. Pearson Education Malaysia Pte. Ltd. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN-13: 978-0-13-233761-8 ISBN-10: 0-13-233761-4 From the Library of Girro@qq.com PREFACE Introduction to Materials Management is an introductory text written for students in community colleges and universities. It is used in technicalRead MoreAccounting Systems, Internal Controls, and Ethics28179 Words à |à 113 Pages Accounting Information Systems ACCOUNTING SYSTEMS, INTERNAL CONTROLS, AND ETHICS Prepared for the course team by Vimlesh B. Narayan Unit 1 Contents Unit 1 Contents 2 Concept Map 3 Learning Outcomes 4 1.1 Introduction 5 1.2 Accounting System Design 6 System Objectives and Design Factors 6 Designing the System 8 1.3 Internal Control Systems 17 Objectives of Internal Control Systems 17 Structure of Internal Control Systems 18 Why You Should Consider the ComponentsRead MoreService Quality and Customer Satisfaction in Public and Private Universities in Tanzania22790 Words à |à 92 PagesAcknowledgement iii Dedication iv Abstract v Table of Contents vi LIST OF TABLES ix LIST OF FIGURES x LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS xi CHAPTER ONE 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Background information to the problem 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem 5 1.3 Objectives of the study 6 1.4 Research Questions 7 1.5 Research hypothesis 7 1.6 Significance of the Study 7 1.7 Limitations of the study 8 1.8 Organization of dissertation 9 CHAPTER TWO 10 LITERATURE REVIEW 10 2.1 IntroductionRead More THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN IMPROVING STUDENT LEARNING OUTCOMES65118 Words à |à 261 Pages114 vii Chapter 4 Data Analysis and Findings Introduction Survey Administration Data Coding Response Analysis Construct Analysis Hypothesis Testing ââ¬â Main Effect Summary of Main Effect Hypothesis Testing 120 120 120 122 122 125 147 168 Chapter 5 Results, Conclusions, and Recommendations Introduction Summary of the Study Discussion of the Results Conclusions Limitations of the Study Recommendations for Future Research References Appendix I: Information Quality Questionnaire Items Appendix II: hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-60552719229531029792020-05-06T14:41:00.001-07:002020-05-06T14:41:14.631-07:00Comparing Brave New World and Blade Runner - 1324 Words Human relationships, and humanitys understanding of the wild, are shaped and reflected in Blade Runner, by Ridley Scott, and in Brave New World (Aldous Huxley) through their composers use of the contrast between true nature and the wild. The human relationship with the wild is tenuous, and this is shown within both texts. More often than not, nature is understood simply as a force to be dominated, controlled or exploited for the benefit of humanity. The new wild is one created by human society however, although developed and sustained by the characters, the wild seems to control and manipulate humanity, rather than the reverse. In Blade Runner and in Brave New World, the nature of happiness and freedom is one of the most recurrentâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In contrast to this, the discovery by Rachael of her true identity, a replicant, destroys the illusion of happiness her place in society had given her; Rachael: Im not in the business. ...I am the business. But this allowed her to discover a semblance of freedom. The failure of the replicants to truly become a part of human society is that they are too much a part of the new wild, perfect in the face of humanitys flaws, and so are separate from true nature and humanity... In Brave New World, true nature is constrained and separate from society; the new wild is humanitys creation; here, Savage has been rejected from the natural in the reserves, but Savage cannot cope with the demands of the new wild - London society - and so withdraws from it into what he perceives as the natural world. ...Loathsome civilised stuff! ... To sing and enjoy himself was not why he had come here; it was to escape further contamination by civilised life... However, Savage is continually confronted by the new wild beyond his attempts to escape it; so hangs himself in a final rejection of it. Characterisation is the main technique used in conveying the theme of societys overturningShow MoreRelatedA Comparison of the Themes of Blade Runner and Brave New World1480 Words à |à 6 PagesA Comparison of the Themes of Blade Runner and Brave New World ââ¬ËHumanity likes to think of itself as more sophisticated than the wild yet it cannot really escape its need for the natural worldââ¬â¢ Despite different contexts both Aldous Huxley within his book Brave New World and Ridley Scott in the film Blade Runner explore the idea that humans feel themselves more sophisticated than the natural world, yet are able to completely sever relations between humanityRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing Key Scenes4885 Words à |à 20 Pagesmarriage. Quotes from this passage: ââ¬Å"He is of a very melancholy dispositionâ⬠*Means: about Don John, always miserable ââ¬Å"The one is too like a image and says nothing and the other is too like my ladyââ¬â¢s eldest son, evermore tattlingâ⬠*Means: Beatrice comparing Don John and Benedick ââ¬Å"By my troth, neice, thou wilt never get thee a husband, if thou be so shrewd if thy tongueâ⬠*Means: Leonato said that if Beatrice doesnââ¬â¢t stop making such cutting comments she wont get a husband. ââ¬Å"Lord, I could not endureRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words à |à 702 PagesDESIGN DIRECTOR SENIOR DESIGNER SENIOR MEDIA EDITOR George Hoffman Lise Johnson Carissa Doshi Dorothy Sinclair Matt Winslow Amy Scholz Carly DeCandia Alana Filipovich Jeof Vita Arthur Medina Allison Morris This book was set in 10/12 New Caledonia by Aptaraà ®, Inc. and printed and bound by Courier/Westford. The cover was printed by Courier/Westford. This book is printed on acid-free paper. Copyright à © 2009, 2006, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1992, 1989, 1986, 1981, 1976 John Wiley Sons hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-22832500527355856262020-05-05T15:48:00.001-07:002020-05-05T15:48:16.380-07:00Great Virtues free essay sample I think that Aversion to Tyranny definitely still exists In America today. We still do not have any dictatorship In todays America. We vote as a democracy for our presidents, congress, etc. We do have a president, to represent America and to help make final decisions, but we get to choose who we want to elect. Basically, its power to the people, even though we have a presidential leader to help guide us. The second virtue Ben Franklin wanted America to have was Free Press. Basically, what this meant was that you can write or print whatever youd like and not et in trouble for it.Although there were some limits to this, there was little to no government control of the press. This let people say what they wanted and free minded write in the press. Franklin said, There would be very little printed, if publishers produced only things that offended nobody. l, myself have to agree to this, because If you think about it, its true. Franklin also believed that the surest guard against tyranny and arbitrary power was free expression, the free flow of Ideas and a free press. He felt no tyrannical society could long exist, If It cannot control the low of information and ideas.Like the first virtue, free press still exists today. You are able to freely write what youd like in the press. For example, it is okay to write to the newspapers and write a letter to the editor and express your feelings and preferences. That is legal, and no one can tell you that you arent allowed to do that. The third virtue Ben Franklin wanted America to have was Humor. Franklin liked the idea of using playful and safe humor in life. He believed that if there wasnt much humor, life would be boring and serious, and not as much fun. Franklin used moor even against himself.He created a character In Poor Richard Saunders, the pseudonym he used when he began to publish an annual almanac. The beauty of Inventing a fictional author was that he could poke fun at himself by admitting half seriously that money was his main motivation. Humor is exists in America today, as well. People use it everyday, and, to say the uses humor, it could make them laugh, no matter how upset they were. Who knows what life would be without any humor. All I know is that it would be quite dull, and this country would not be as good of a place to live in, without it.The fourth virtue Ben Franklin added to the list was Humility. When Franklin made a list of personal virtues for himself that he was intent on acquiring, he very proudly showed it around to his friends, one of whom, a Quaker, pointed out that he had left one off. The friend said that Franklin was often guilty of pride, so Ben added humility to his list. To say the least, he never quite perfected the virtue. Humility means that someone is not prideful in themselves, and not full of themselves or self-absorbed. It means that you are more modest, and dont brag.You will listen to there, and give credit; instead of listening and then start talking about yourself. Humility exists, and doesnt exist today in different ways. Sometimes, we have humility, and other times we dont. Not everyones perfect, at times we may brag or boast about ourselves a little or a lot; either way we are still not being humble. Although he was guilty of it himself, Franklin hoped that America would become more humble, and maybe it has, but whether there is a little or large amount of people not being modest, we are still breaking this virtue.The fifth virtue Ben Franklin put on the list of Americas virtues was Idealism in Foreign Policy. Franklin once wrote, The influence of every power is measured by the opinion one has of its intrinsic force. When he went to Paris as an envoy during the Revolution, Franklin proved himself a master of the diplomatic doctrine of realism by playing an adroit balance-of-power game between France, Spain, the Netherlands, and later on, Britain. The main idea of this virtue, as I see it, is that Franklin basically tried to portray each countrys position as desirable to him.In a way, this virtue still exists in America today. The only thing I can think of for this virtue in todays world is Iraq. Even though it isnt ideal to be at war with a country, we do our best to fight against them and eventually hopefully end the war and win it. The sixth virtue Ben Franklin wanted was Compromise. Franklin used the phrase, Both sides must part with some of their demands, many times. He used it the most when the Constitutional Convention was deciding on the issue of whether the new Congress should be proportioned by population or have equal votes for each state.For Franklin, who personally believed in proportional representation, compromise was not only a practical approach but also a moral one. He believed that compromisers may not be great heroes, but they do make great democracies. To compromise, it means that each side will give up one or more thing that they wanted to make it fair, since both sides couldnt get everything they wanted. In this way, it makes it fairer to compromise, than to have everything one side wants. Because, when you compromise, each side may not get everything they want, but they take a little of each side and make it even. I believe that compromising still exists in America today. Compromises are made and it exists in many different ways. America compromises with political issues and with economics also. We, as a country, compromise with other countries, when we exchange or buy products, as for how much we pay and how much products we get in exchange. The same goes for politics, not everyone can get their way, so we compromise and hopefully both sides Tolerance. The great struggles of the 20th century were against fascism and then communism.The great struggle of the 21st century will be between the forces of fanatic fundamentalism and tolerance. It is vital that we remember that America was not born with the virtue of religious tolerance, but had to earn it. For example, Franklin left Boston and ended up in Philadelphia, a place unlike much of the world. There were Lutheran, Moravian, Quakers, and even Jews living side by side in what became as the City of Brotherly Love. Franklin helped formulate the creed that they would all be better off, personally and economically, if they embraced an attitude of tolerance.So, basically, everyone had to have tolerance for other people, (and their religion) even if it wasnt of their liking, and accept their choices. I definitely think that tolerance still exists in America today. I actually think that it has gotten better. More people are accepting other peoples preferences and religions now than when Franklin was President. I think people realize that its okay to have different religions, and that you should respect others of their religious choices. I believe that the strongest virtue in America today is Humor.The reason why I think this is because I think a lot of people use humor in everyday life and its the virtue that comes the most naturally. If you think about it, America is full of humor, more than any of the other seven virtues. This is why I think it is the strongest. I think the weakest virtue in America today is Humility. There is still a lot of bragging and boasting coming from people of all ages. People will brag about anything they can think of, whether its about money or how great their Christmas lights are.Thats not what kind of country Benjamin Franklin wanted; he wanted a country that was more modest, and not as full of themselves. Im not saying that everyone in the US is like this, but some are, and its not exactly the best quality to have. The most important virtues for Americans to follow today are An Aversion to Tyranny, Compromise, and Free Press. If people didnt follow An Aversion to Tyranny, this entry could be a lot different. Its possible that we could have a different type of leader in charge and we couldnt get to choose who the leader was. If half of America decides they dont want to have a president anymore then we would really not know what to do. If people didnt follow the virtue to Compromise, it would also affect our country a lot. Without any compromising, nothing would get done and nothing would get bought. If you think about when youre buying a house or a car, if you dont compromise to get the price you want then you wont be able to purchase it. Each did has to give a little for things to work, and if neither side wanted to compromise, it would be very hard for the house or car to get sold, and for you to be able to purchase one for the price you want. Free Press, is a very important virtue for the US to have and to follow as well. Without it, I think America would be an angrier place to live, and people could possibly get in more fights because they were taking out their feelings on people instead of writing them down, to the newspaper. Even though a lot of people dont free write to the newspaper, they can still read what there people are writing to it, and see what other people are struggling with.Maybe the people who were reading the newspaper were struggling with the same issue that the person who wrote it were and that could help the person reading it with their problems as well. Ben Franklin wrote these virtues as advice for Americans, Americans today is to remember these seven virtues, and try your best to follow and respect them, as Franklin wanted. If everyone was aware of the seven virtues Ben Franklin wrote, and learned about them and truly tried their best to follow them, it could actually make a difference in this world. Maybe there would be less fighting if people were more humble and didnt brag as much.Maybe things would get done faster if people would Just take the time to compromise and work things out. We should try to be tolerant of others because if you try your best at being open-minded, it will help you become a better person, and it will help you get along with others better. If everybody tried their absolute best on all of the seven virtues that Franklin wanted for America, it really could make a difference. So, my advice to you is to follow them, and work at them everyday, and maybe one day we will have the America that Ben Franklin wanted. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-22103036908440177702020-04-05T05:00:00.001-07:002020-04-05T05:00:02.120-07:00The Project Mkultra Essay ExampleThe Project Mkultra Essay Project MK-ULTRA, or MKULTRA, was the code name for a covert CIA mind-control and chemical interrogation research program, run by the Office of Scientific Intelligence, that began in the early 1950s and continued at least through the late 1960s. [1][2][3] There is much published evidence that the project involved the surreptitious use of many types of drugs, as well as other methodology, to manipulate individual mental states and to alter brain function. [4] Project MK-ULTRA was first brought to wide public attention in 1975 by the U. S. Congress, through investigations by the Church Committee, and by a presidential commission known as the Rockefeller Commission. Investigative efforts were hampered by the fact that CIA Director Richard Helms ordered all MK-ULTRA files destroyed in 1973; the Church Committee and Rockefeller Commission investigations relied on the sworn testimony of direct participants and on the relatively small number of documents that survived Helms destruction order. 5] Although the CIA insists that MK-ULTRA-type experiments have been abandoned, 14-year CIA veteran Victor Marchetti has stated in various interviews that the CIA routinely conducts disinformation campaigns and that CIA mind control research continued. In a 1977 interview, Marchetti specifically called the CIA claim that MK-ULTRA was abandoned a cover story. . [6][7] On the Senate floor in 1977, Senator Ted Kennedy said: We will write a custom essay sample on The Project Mkultra specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Project Mkultra specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Project Mkultra specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The Deputy Director of the CIA revealed that over thirty universities and institutions were involved in an extensive testing and experimentation program which included covert drug tests on unwitting citizens at all social levels, high and low, native Americans and foreign. Several of these tests involved the administration of LSD to unwitting subjects in social situations. At least one death, that of Dr. [Frank] Olson, resulted from these activities. The Agency itself acknowledged that these tests made little scientific sense. The agents doing the monitoring were not qualified scientific observers. [8] hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-12427000952328447752020-03-08T17:28:00.001-07:002020-03-08T17:28:02.573-07:00Lab Earth Science lab EssaysLab Earth Science lab Essays Lab Earth Science lab Essay Lab Earth Science lab Essay Complete the following table based on the observations you made during the lab. Experiment Observations Cold water After I had opened the bottle, condensation rose to the top of the water bottle where the air was. Cold water plus match With water plus the match, the smoke from the match causing condensation displaced air. Hot water With hot water, the steam covered the top of the bottle. Hot water plus match With the match in the smoke went all the way to the bottom of the bottle to make a cloud. (5 points) 2. Why do you think the presence of smoke contributed to cloud formation? Answer: think the presence of the smoke contributed to cloud formation since the moisture in the bottle from the water collects smoke particles which form into clouds. In the sky water molecules cling onto solid particles. (5 points) 3. What role did pressure play in the formation of the clouds? Answer: Pressure played a huge role, the atmospheric air pressure pushed up the smoke where it reaches the top of the bottle collects water molecules and is pushed back down forming a cloud. 4. Based on what you have discovered, which of the following conditions would lead to the formation of clouds? 1 . Moist air moves up as it encounters a mountain range. 2. High pressure is moving into an area. 3. The air over a large parking lot is warmer in the afternoon than the surrounding park is. 4. The horse latitudes are areas Of sinking air. 5. Low pressure moves into your area. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-21211725655396543992020-02-21T07:54:00.001-08:002020-02-21T07:54:03.206-08:00Brief interpretation and analysis of the advertisement EssayBrief interpretation and analysis of the advertisement - Essay Example The execution style utilized is the slice of life. There is no direct or straight sell in the advertisement. What it does in a very subtle way is to associate Coke with the optimistic events in the lives of people. Comparison was used in terms of presenting the idea that for every negative thing that the world witnesses, there are more positive things that occur. The background music of the advertisement makes the advertisement more appealing. It gives life to the advertisement. However, since the people viewing the advertisement are busy reading the captions shown, the viewers can no longer appreciate the lyrics of the song. Oneââ¬â¢s attention becomes divided between the song and the messages being flashed in the advertisement. One thinks that it would have been better if an instrumental music was instead used. A positive point about the advertisement is that it is very relevant to the times. It talks of war, corruption and development of weapons which are signs of the times. One appreciates much the irony presented in the phrases. A negative point though is that the audience might get so absorbed with the deeper message of the advertisement that they might forget about the product being advertised. Another thing that one wants to change in the advertisement is the speed of the flashing of the messages. One is hardly finished yet with reading a message then another one is flashed again. The viewer is not given enough time to grasp the message. The target market for the brand is not very specific. It appeals to all ages, gender and nationalities. This same target market is being addressed to in the advertisement. The company chose this particular medium for the advertisement because it feels that it will be able to capture a larger market because of the universal theme that it presented. In this way, it is more cost effective for hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-91571908192820686062020-02-05T06:17:00.001-08:002020-02-05T06:17:02.856-08:00Once more to the lake Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 wordsOnce more to the lake - Essay Example "Onceà More to the Lake" is an essay first published in Harper's magazine in 1941 by authorà E. B. White. In "Once More to the Lake," White revisits his ideal boyhood vacation spot. He finds great joy in his visit, which causes him to struggle to remember that he is now a man. The present research has identified that in the story ââ¬Å"Once more to the lakeâ⬠the author vividly remembers his childhood days because he has started taking his son to the very same spot and everything in his memory about the spot is refreshed. The author talks about the various insects that are found in the lake and how his son had never seen such slimy insects, he says that he had only seen them from a distance but it was now his chance to see them closely and also see how they react to human presence. The author is also reminded of a near-death experience in the closing stages of the story and he also emphasizes on the fact that we all should be as close to nature as possible because nature ti me and again reminds us of the fact that all human beings are mortal. The researcher of this paper has rightly presented that being close to nature also gives us several great memories to cherish just like the author has several sweet memories to cherish about his childhood days, he gets to relive all those memories with his little boy this is what makes this story special in more ways than one. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-4230520769707757122020-01-28T02:41:00.001-08:002020-01-28T02:41:03.958-08:00Stem Cell Treatment in Age-Related Macular Degeneration AMDStem Cell Treatment in Age-Related Macular Degeneration AMD Background: Age-Related Macular degeneration (AMD) is a painless disease that usually affects people over the age of 60. The Macular is the part of the fundus which is responsible for the patients central vision which allows them to see in fine detail and aids in facial object recognition. The patients peripheral vision is not affected so AMD does not result in complete blindness. The diagram shows the positions of the main structures inside a normal healthy eye such as the macula optic nerve. The general symptoms that a patient with AMD would experience are: à à à Blurred central vision distortion reduction in contrast sensitivity blind spots (scotomas) hallucinations (occasionally, more common in Wet AMD) (Symptoms taken from www.nhs.uk website) There are 2 types of AMD, Wet and Dry, the clinical presentations and the symptoms the patient experiences differ. Wet AMD occurs when the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) underneath the retina at the macula thickens and then breaks. The oxygen supply to the macula is disrupted and the body responds by abnormally growing new blood vessels through the RPE towards the macula to help increase oxygen supply, this can cause the macula to appear raised. The new vessels are fragile and poor quality so leak or bleed. This causes atrophy to the macula which results in rapid decline in central vision. Wet AMD is the most sight threatening of the 2 types as once the vision has be lost it cannot be regained again but there are treatments that can help slow the progression of the disease such as Anti-VEGF injections which stop/slow the growth of the new abnormal vessels. (www.nhs.uk) Dry AMD is the most common form of AMD, around 90% of cases. The clinical presentation of dry AMD is drusen appearing at or around the macula area. Drusen looks like white/yellow dots, they can be small and well defined or large and blurred margins. Drusen occurs as the eye may have a problem with disposing waste from the photoreceptors and so calcium and lipid deposits build up. The retinal pigment epithelium layer may thin and the drusen will push through. The drusen then causes photoreceptor death/degeneration causing atrophy of the retina. This is when the patients vision will start to reduce. It is a much slower disease process than wet AMD, it can be a couple of months before the patient experiences any symptoms relative to dry AMD. (www.AMD.org) Normal Fundus Wet AMD Dry AMD Stem Cells: Stem cells are undifferentiated cells which can differentiate into specialised cells such as muscle, skin and bone cells. In mammals there are 2 types of stem cells this depends on the source which they are taken from; these are embryos which are 4-5 days old in the blastocyst phase and in adult tissues throughout the body such as bone marrow, the brain and skeletal muscle tissue. (www.medicalnewstoday.com) The first trial was on 2 patients who were in late stage of AMD; they underwent immunosuppressive treatment to reduce a negative response to the new stem cells. The embryonic source is chosen for this treatment, the researchers used mouse skin cells to help the stem cells to differentiate into retinal cells. They are then purified so not contaminated by mouse cells. These purified retinal cells are then made into a 1ml solution and injected into only one eye (this is done in trials as they dont know if the treatment will have a damaging or successful effect on the eye). The general results from this trial were good; one patient had Stargardts macular dystrophy that before treatment could only see hand motions but 2 weeks after transplant was able to count fingers with only the eye that had the transplant carried out in it. Their vision continued to improve over the next 3 months. (www.nhs.uk, Bazian January 2012.) Structure Abstract/Intro -Short intro about what a stem cell and age related macular degeneration is. -Aim of dissertation; what I want to achieve through the dissertation as a whole. -Should be roughly 1 page. Stem cells -More detail on what they are. -Different types of stem cells; explain where they are found and when they would be used. -What type of AMD does this treat and why? Age-Related macular Degeneration -Background on both types (containing the anatomy of the eye, normal/abnormal) -Causes -Epidemiology -Pathogenesis -Pathology -Prevention -Treatments (current and new) Potential of stem cell -How do the stem cells differentiate to photoreceptors RPE cells? How well does it do this? -How well does the trials transfer from animals to humans? -What is the success of these trials? Discussion -Does this look like a viable treatment for AMD? -Could it be used for either wet/dry or just one? -What are the advantages/disadvantages? -Ethical argument in using stem cells from embryos. Conclusion Perspective -What I think of the whole argument for and against the treatment -Do I think it is a viable and effective treatment? -Do the results from trials back up the theory and argument for stem cells? New research -How have the trials been taken further? -Has any improvements or adjustments been made? E.g. Have administration methods or cell culturing methods changed? References Projected Timetable of Work 30/11/16 Sections 1, 2 ; Abstract, Stem cells What is AMD. 31/12/16 Section 4; Potential of stem cells in the treatment of AMD. 31/01/17 Section 5; Discussion. 28/02/17 Section 6 7; Conclusion/Perspective New research. 31/03/17 Section 8; References. Dissertation Complete, to be proof read and bound. 13/04/17 Final Hand in Date. References: www.amd.org/what-is-macular-degeneration/dry-amd/ www.cnib.ca www.medicalnewstoday.com www.nhs.uk/conditions/macular-degeneration/pages/introduction.aspx www.nhs.uk/news/2012/01January/Pages/embyonic-stem-cell-trial-macular-degeneration.aspx, Stem cell therapy safe for eye condition. January 24, 2012. Analysis by Bazian, edited by NHS Choices. rgw.com Webeye.ophth.uiowa.edu hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-73872744866951666052020-01-19T23:05:00.001-08:002020-01-19T23:05:02.512-08:00William Blake :: essays research papers To some people William Blake is just an ordinary man. To others, Blake is an English poet, painter, and engraver. Blake was born on November 28, 1757, in London, where he spent most of his life. He was the third of five children in his family. Blake's family was Nonconformists Protestant dissenters from the Church of England. They had Blake christened on December 11 at St. James's Church in Piccadilly. Blake's mother educated him in mere reading and writing, and he worked in a shop until the age of 14. His family ran this shop, and later his brother and he acquired the store through inheritance. Despite those misgivings, he taught himself Latin, Greek, Hebrew, French, and Italian. His English was to be often strikingly original through other people's eyes. In 1767, he wanted to become an artist at the young age of 10. In pursuit of this dream, he attended the Henry Pars Engraving School in the Strand. By 1772, he was an apprentice to an engraver, James Basire, who taught him the secr ets of the trade very well. Basire sent him to make drawings of the sculptures in Westminster Abbey, which sparked his interest in Gothic art. Blake's father was a hosier, and sent him to the Royal Academy in 1779 as an engraving student. While at school, Blake absorbed the religious symbolism and linear design characteristic of Gothic style. While studying there, he rebelled against the academic conventions of Sir Joshua Reynolds, president of the academy. Contrary to modern standards, he decided to follow the footsteps of the world-renowned artist Michelangelo and Raphael instead. Throughout his life, Blake made his money engraving things, but lived in mass poverty. On August 18, 1782, Blake married a poor illiterate girl, Catherine Boucher. Some believe she turned out to be the best companion Blake could have chosen. Blake and Catherine never had children. In 1784, Blakeââ¬â¢s father passed away after he started his own printing press. He took his brother Robert in to live with him as an assistant pupil to relieve him from the agonies of poverty. In Blake's eyes, Robert was his son. The establishing of the printing shop helped Blake and Catherine become financially secure for rest of their lives. From that point on, he lived as an engraver and illustrator with the help of his wife and brother Robert. Once again tragedy struck, and in 1787, only shortly after beginning work, his brother Robert fell ill and passed away. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-53363271504131372742020-01-11T19:27:00.001-08:002020-01-11T19:27:02.690-08:00Rhetorical Analysis of ââ¬ÅA Modest Proposalââ¬Â EssaySince the first British colonization attempts of Ireland the island had been a place of tyrannical oppression and prejudicial mistreatment. This went on for centuries, with constant rebellion and resistance. In 1729 Jonathan Swift, an Irish clergyman living in England, denounced the cruel policies of England in a backwards manner. His use of verisimilitude in ââ¬Å"A Modest Proposal exposes the corruption of British foreign policy towards the impoverished Irish people. He captures the minds and hearts of his audience, the British people, by posing a solution to apparent human issues of society, only to use ridiculously horrid ideas to show the true state of Irish treatment. To earn the audience of the British people, Swift had to play their heartstrings, as well as set up a logical basis for progression. He describes what he aims to solve as issues that would be ââ¬Å"agreed by all partiesâ⬠to be ââ¬Å"great additional grievance[s].â⬠Among these issues he addressed homeless beggars, especially children, ââ¬Å"voluntary Abortions,â⬠and the prominent act of thievery among the impoverished youth. His focus on the youth and poor conditions of life would most likely have drawn in the public to consider what he would later propose, as they are issues that were prevalent and of dire need of solution. The human tie to the wellbeing of children would inspire the British people to want to help them in whatever way possible. He also supports his ideas by claiming that the children shall not be a ââ¬Å"charge upon their Parents, or the Parish,â⬠but be a benefit to society by ââ¬Å"contribut[ing] to the Feeding and partly to the Clothing of many Thousandsâ⬠of people. This proposal not only solves the problems, but does so inexpensively and with an increased benefit of providing for the other impoverished. This logical appeal would most likely have make his audience more likely listen to his idea, as it thus would have seemed to be a convenient solution with no yet apparent drawbacks. Juxtaposed within these statements Swift began to dehumanize the impoverished people, describing the women as ââ¬Å"Dams,â⬠generally a term to describe cattle or other female beasts, and ââ¬Å"Breeders.â⬠He slipped in theseà terms while stating the raw statistics of the cost of a child and the total number of impoverished children coming into Ireland annually. The use of terms of cattle during the hard facts gave Swift the ability to trick the people of Britain into considering, as was almost normal of the time, that these people were not actually people, but just a problem to be solved. By grabbing the attention of his audience and progressing to dehumanize the impoverished people of Ireland, Swift would potentially succeed in convincing, although he did not believe in it personally, that the people of Ireland were actually less than human. He then progressed to address his actual proposal: that the homeless and impoverished children of Ireland would make a ââ¬Å"most delicious, nourishing, and wholesome Food.â⬠He stated various manners of how to prepare the child, when the best time for preparation would be, and even that their skin would ââ¬Å"make admirable Gloves and Summer Boots.â⬠The absolute horror of doing this to human children, which is murder, would then have most likely dawned on the audience. The fact that they now view them as humans, would show the hypocrisy in their previous less-than-human views of the Irish people. Throughout the essay Swift addressed the lords and gentry specifically, having claimed that a childââ¬â¢s meat would be ââ¬Å"very proper for Landlords, â⬠and their skin good in the application of ââ¬Å"Gloves for Ladyââ¬â¢s, and Summer Boots for fine Gentlemen.â⬠His focus on the profitability of the proposal was also intended to be an appeal to the wealthy controlling power. Having their attention, he then stated that there should be no ââ¬Å"other expedientsâ⬠on top of the profit of such a system. He was referring to harsh taxes, limiting production and export, forbidding importation of luxury items, and mistreatment of workers and tenets by landlords. By juxtaposing, yet again, this hyperbole of the potential of eating children with the actual treatment of Ireland, saying that the former was the preferable of the two, he would most likely make the British people aware of the harshness of their polices and abuses. He made it very clear that he was speakin g to the landlords and wealthy, then claimed that what they were doing was better than if they were eating their children. Such a claim is a harsh reality that would potentially have some reconsider their prejudice and ideals. It is hardly likely that anyone would actually believe that someone would propose such dastardly actions as an honest proposal. By exaggerating the horrors of the ridiculous proposition of eating children he makes it obvious that he doesnââ¬â¢t truly believe the British should eat Irish children. He shows that what it means to be human is being destroyed by the practices of the British as it is, just as if they were consuming and murdering their children. By forcing the two things into a juxtaposed parallel, he shows that they are of the same horror and despicable nature. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-19201947813235988942020-01-03T15:50:00.001-08:002020-01-03T15:50:03.480-08:00What Is Statistics - 1722 Words Statistics can be defined as ââ¬Å" the science that deals with the collection, classification, analysis, and interpretation of numerical facts of data, and that, by use of mathematical theories of probability, imposes order and regularity on aggregates of more or less disparate elementsâ⬠(Dictionary.com, LLC, 2008). Yet how do we use these specific elements in our everyday working lives? Many donââ¬â¢t realize the extent to which we as a culture base our decisions on statistics. We us them in something as small as predicting the outcome of a game or number of points that a team will score. Statistics surrounds us in many ways and in many forms. As the American Statistical Association president Jon Kettenring stated, I like to think ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Yet when it came closer and more information was pulled they realized that this statistical information was indeed inaccurate and did not provide enough data to see the true statistics on Clemens. They noted tha t to be accurate they needed to look at all of the athletes that have as successful as Clemens not just in the same age bracket. When looking at this particular information they noted that indeed Clemens was irregular and did not fit the mold of the normal athlete not using performance enhancing drugs. This shows that with inaccurate and inadequate information that the wrong conclusion can be made. (Knowledge@Wharton, 2008) Just seeing this information makes you realize the importance of collecting information for correct statistical analysis. When researching statistics you can also see that there is much relying on the statistical analysisââ¬â¢s that are made. With that we see that we must set standards for researching and making statistical analyses. First and foremost the information must be suited to its purpose. Going along with that there are a total of 5 more areas that one must check when submitting statistical information, info must be as accurate as possible, informati on must be as fresh as possible, information must be readily accessible, information must be comparable internationally and overtime, as well as statistics shall be consistent and as uniform as possible. (Statistics Finland, 2005) Going intoShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Statistics?742 Words à |à 3 PagesFoundational Knowledge: At the beginning of the semester, I had some basic knowledge about statistics. I knew about bell curves, means and standard deviations. I did not know what a confidence interval or what a standard error of measurement was. Now many months later, I know that the standard error of measurement estimates how someones score will change over time. This is due to the fact that a person will probably not get the same score every time they retake a test. I also learned that the standardRead MoreWhat Are The Grants For Statistics2149 Words à |à 9 Pages1. What are the grants for statistics calculations in 2015 Statistical research is wide and you can find a high-level overview of interests. You want to make sense of data around you and know how and when to use all this techniques and formulas of statistics. You have to remember that statistical research is worth doing for reaching personal goals and receiving grants. You can receive an opportunity for statistical research scholarship or thanks to statistical scholarships job offer you were waitingRead MoreWhat Are The Grants For Statistics3115 Words à |à 13 Pages1. What are the grants for statistics calculations in 2015 Statistical research is wide and you can find a high-level overview of interests. You want to make sense of data around you and know how and when to use all this techniques and formulas of statistics. You have to remember that statistical research is worth doing for reaching personal goals and receiving grants. You can receive an opportunity for statistical research scholarship or thanks to statistical scholarships job offer you were waitingRead MoreWhat Is Statistic Ethical Practice?975 Words à |à 4 PagesWhat is statistic ethical practice? One will have to explain what ethic means. It is a norm for conduct that differentiate between that which is acceptable and that which is unacceptable. It is the concept of knowing right from wrong. One must have a moral sense of value to do no harm and to remain fair and just. To maintain ethical practice, the problem should be stated and the question need to be asked is there a conflict of interest. The facts need to be checked and veri fied. Relevant informationRead MoreWhat are Descriptive Statistics? Essay1931 Words à |à 8 PagesWHAT ARE DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS? Before we continue the discussion about the basic descriptive data elements that are needed to answer the question I previously posed, it is important to understand what we mean by descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics describe the features of the data collected. In other words, descriptive statistics describe ââ¬Å"whatâ⬠the data looks like, but it does not tell you why or how data elements interact or influence one another. Descriptive statistics provideRead More1. What Are Descriptive Statistics and How Do They Differ from Inferential Statistics?1000 Words à |à 4 Pages1. What are descriptive statistics and how do they differ from inferential statistics? INTRODUCTION Statistical procedures can be divided into two major categories: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. Typically, in most research conducted on groups of people, you will use both descriptive and inferential statistics to analyse your results and draw conclusions. So what are descriptive and inferential statistics? And what are their differences?We have seen that descriptive statisticsRead MoreA Big Role In The World Of Statistics Is Played By What1162 Words à |à 5 PagesA big role in the world of statistics is played by what is known as variables. For a clearer understanding Siddharth Kalla explains, ââ¬Å"In statistics, variables are central to any analysis and they need to be understood well by the researcherâ⬠¦In statistics, variables can contain a value or description of what is being studied in the sample or population.â⬠(Kalla, 2011, para. 1 2). Meaning, a variable can essentially be anything that can be analyzed because it has the ability to be cou nted. Take forRead MoreHistory Of Opioids And Statistics : What Drugs Are Considered Opioids?2951 Words à |à 12 Pages13 Outline Thesis Statement History of Opioids Statistics What drugs are considered Opioids? What Oxycodone Is History of Oxycodone Americas usage with Opioids Estimated number of individuals in the U.S. who are addicted What Addiction Characteristics to Opioids Pain Killers and Pain Management Cancer Patients Chronic Pain Patients Treatment plan for Pain Changes and plans for Addiction Physical Therapy Support Groups Individual Support from Friends and Family Conclusion Donovan GreenfieldRead MoreAp Statistics Report: What Music Does to Memory1109 Words à |à 5 PagesWhat Music Does to Memory... By: Denellea McIntosh and Nichole Pierce AP Statistics Period 1 Purpose Music, one of the many factors that enhance our lives, has been a widely ranged field. From Classical music to Hip Hop, there are listeners of all ages, each having their own preference of music. Through research, it has been discovered that memory can be affected by many different factors, including music. Music has been found to stimulate parts of the brain, alleviating stress and depressionRead MoreHistory Of Opioids And Statistics : What Drugs Are Considered Opioids?2948 Words à |à 12 Pages12 Outline Thesis Statement History of Opioids Statistics What drugs are considered Opioids? What Oxycodone Is History of Oxycodone Americas usage with Opioids Estimated number of individuals in the U.S. who are addicted What Addiction Characteristics to Opioids Pain Killers and Pain Management Cancer Patients Chronic Pain Patients Treatment plan for Pain Changes and plans for Addiction Physical Therapy Support Groups Individual Support from Friends and Family Conclusion Donovan Greenfield hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-82061365412869161432019-12-26T12:17:00.001-08:002019-12-26T12:17:04.052-08:00Diabetes Type 2 The Maximum Common Form Of Diabetes Diabetes type 2 is the maximum common form of diabetes. This is caused by the diminished insulin manufacture by beta cells of the pancreas and an insulin resistance by the exterior tissues (Type 2 diabetes, 2014); it is a disorder in which the bodyââ¬â¢s fat, muscle and liver cells that do not use insulin successfully. Hence, it causes the high blood glucose levels in the body or hyperglycaemia. Since Diabetics type 2 still maintains the ability to produce some insulin, they do not experience ketoacidosis (Dinneen, 2007). Therefore they are not insulin dependent but may need some exogenous form of insulin to help retain normal blood glucose levels. Insulin is required by the peripheral tissues to use the glucose in the body for energy. Lack ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The methodologies included in what are the danger variables; sign/side effects and complexities could found in people with diabetes sort 2 and also explores more about Hypoglycemia. By definition insulin is refer as a hormones which assumes a key in the regulation of blood glucose levels and an absence of insulin can lead to the improvement of the symptoms of diabetes (The global diabetes community, 2014). Decrease insulin concentrations trigger adipose tissue lipase causing lipolysis of triglycerides in glycerol and free fatty with consequent elevation of fatty acid transport into mitochondria where ketone body development happens (Keays, 2007). Understanding the significance of insulin serves to know more about how the body utilizes it for energy. As we know our body is made up of millions of cells, thusly to create energy, this cells need food in exceptionally straightforward structure (Type 2 diabetes, 2014). When we eat or drink, a great part of the nourishment is broken down into a straightforward sugar called ââ¬Ëglucoseââ¬â¢. Basically, glucose is transported through the circulatory system to these body cells where it can be utilized to provide the energy the body requirements for daily exercise. The decrease of glucose levels in blood is caused when the amount of glucose in the blood ascents to certain level; hence, the pancreas discharge more insulin to push more glucose into cells. While to keep blood glucose levels from getting hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-73847074379929146142019-12-18T08:06:00.001-08:002019-12-18T08:06:03.487-08:00Management - 1199 Words Assignment QUES. 1- Sanjeev Kapoor is an expert in making bakery and confectionary products with loads of talent and encouragement from everyone. He wants to go in for his own bakery and confectionary venture. But he doesnââ¬â¢t have much by the way of money and infrastructure. He knows of some and friends, who might be willing to associate with him to provide necessary funds and infrastructure. What sort of business organization should he go and why? ANS. ââ¬â With the expansion of business, it became necessary for a group of person to join hands together and supply necessary capital and skill. Sanjeev may possess exceptional business ability but doesnââ¬â¢t have much by the way of money and infrastructure; he can have a financing partner. Inâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦It is a kind of voluntary association for carrying on business operation , therefore, it can be dissolved by the partner by expressing to each other their intention to do so. In the case of partnership at will, it can be dissolved by giving 14 day notice to other partners. QUES.2 ââ¬â Your friend Yuvraj has consulting you to advice regarding his practice in law. Suggest and justify the forms of organization suitable for the purpose. ANS. - A business enterprise can be owned and organized in several forms. Each form of organization has its own merits and demerits. The ultimate choice of the form of business depends upon the balancing of the advantages and disadvantages of the various forms of business. The right choice of the form of the business is very crucial because it determines the power, control, risk and responsibility of the entrepreneur as well as the division of profits and losses. The nature of business is the most important factor. Businesses providing direct services like tailors, restaurants and professional services like doctors, lawyers are generally organized as proprietary concerns. So in this case, he may choose sole proprietorship to practice in law. Characteristics of sole proprietorship: (i) No Separate Legal Entity: legally, the sole trader and his business are not separate entities. In other words, all the assets and liabilities of the businesses are the personal assets and liabilities of theShow MoreRelatedManagement : Management And Management1504 Words à |à 7 Pagesassuring an organization to be able to run smoothly is called as Management. Managers are capable to make decisions that will impact an organization in every phase. These decisions vary from employing new staff to taking a company public. Management is not an easy task, and good managers are highly respected. Management is like investment. Its main purpose is to extract the most out of every resource available in the organization. Management can be called as achieving targets in such a way that all theRead MoreManagement : Management And Management Essay1740 Words à |à 7 Pagesproposals, and compliance training must meet the standards and requirements of both organizational structures, requiring Mr. Aranda to be fluent in both organizational cultures. Mr. Aranda was chosen for this project due to my observance of his management capabilities over the past twelve years. Mr. Aranda was an engineering technician who then earned a BS in business, resulting in being promoted to Engineering Manager, which enabled me to observe his triumphs and failures, and watch the evolutionRead MoreManagement Theory Of Management And Management937 Words à |à 4 Pagesbeen used in company management. However, management of company could not be effective if only rely on theories. In fact, a good company development requires not only suitable theories selection but also consistency with practice in appropriate organization environment. Further, a companyââ¬â¢s successful also need team work, creatively to together process. This essay focuses on how to make the company management effectively with some cases. There is no doubt that theory of management plays an importantRead MoreThe Theory Of Management And Management1690 Words à |à 7 PagesIntroduction Management is one of the remarkable activities within human society began with a group or to an larger organization that are able to accomplish a same goals and objectives, by defining what is management and how is important to human being society many management theorists have produces (many models that can be used for successful organization change and winners respond to the past and complexity of change and adapt learn and act quickly (Mildred,G. Sonia T. 2008 ) different theoriesRead MoreLeadership, Management And Management1081 Words à |à 5 PagesLeadership and Management Businesses require some sort of hierarchy of power to be successful. They cannot operate on the basis that everyone has the same job level if they plan to make a profit. However, the individuals that are placed in the higher power positions fall into two categories, leaders and managers. Many would say these are the same thing, when in reality they are not. They are two different styles that are used when operating a business and using the right one at the right time isRead MoreLeadership, Management, And Management876 Words à |à 4 PagesLeadership and Management Name Institutional Affiliation Leadership and Management The achievements of organizations depend on their management and the manner in which their leaders conduct several operations within the organization. It is worth mentioning that successful organizations attribute their positive impacts in the market and general employee-employer relation to the influence spearheaded by the management team (Hiriyappa, 2013). 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Quality management has now become a more regularly used practice throughout all phases of projects, allowing project managers to operate with a clear, defined process, and letting upper management determine if work should stop short for the sake ofRead MoreThe Concept Of Management And Management1147 Words à |à 5 Pagesconcept of MANAGEMENT different or what is exactly the reason that some organizations have great success while others suffering many types of failures? I came to release how far is the difference in a concept of Management in organizations that are operating nowadays around the world. It is controversy issue and a subject for discussion. The concept of Management is wider subject but we are going to focus on two notable aspects, which have the most obvious part of the diversities in management. TheseRead MoreLeadership, Management, And Management1270 Words à |à 6 PagesLeadership and management are different. Leadership is the position a person holds as an administrative leader such as CEO-Chief Executive Officer. Management is the act of managing a business which consists of a body of people in positions of administrative authority. Business management consists of officers, directors and other people who have the authority of the business operation, organizations, duties, and work to be done. In management, emphasis is on delivering high quality products and hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-60509096611791234412019-12-10T04:49:00.001-08:002019-12-10T04:49:02.393-08:00Behavioural Cues and Emotional Leakage Associated with Deception free essay sample A question that has interested professional lie detectors and laypersons alike for centuries has been ââ¬Å"is there a discernible way of distinguishing between people who are telling the truth and those who arenââ¬â¢t? â⬠This is an especially important question when put in to the context of the legal system where a personââ¬â¢s guilt or innocence is at stake or where an accused could be falsely convicted or exonerated. The nature of lying is two-pronged, whereby morality and self-service collide; how we feel about deception is highly dependent upon the reason for telling the lie. Everyone lies. In fact, people lie on average twice a day (DePaulo, Kashy, Kirkendol, Wyer, amp; Epstein, 1996) and would rather do so in an effort to censor themselves, then to express their true thoughts for fear of not being perceived in a positive light by others. We tell psychological lies for a number of reasons: to embellish or protect ourselves, to avoid tension or conflict in social interactions, or minimize hurt feelings (DePaulo, Kashy, Kirkendol, Wyer, amp; Epstein, 1996). We will write a custom essay sample on Behavioural Cues and Emotional Leakage Associated with Deception or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page However, forensic context lies are likely to be ââ¬Å"high-stakesâ⬠, which carry extreme consequences both for the liar and the target of the lie; for example, lying to conceal infidelity or in the context of violent crime, terrorism, governments, and business/corporations (ten Brinke, L. amp; Porter, S. , 2011). Moreover, contrary to white lies, most high-stakes lies are accompanied by evolutionary developments of unconscious communication of covert information (speech, body language and facial expressions) as well as powerful emotions (such as fear, remorse, anger, or excitement) that must be hidden and/or feigned in a convincing way (ten Brinke, L. , Porter, S. , amp; Baker, A. , 2011). Darwin hypothesised that some facial expressions associated with strong emotional responses were not under voluntary control, could not be completely inhibited and cannot be engaged intentionally during emotional stimulation, forming the inhibition hypothesis (Darwin, 1872), which now gaining support. Consider the case of a mother publicly pleading for the safe return of her daughter who, in reality, she has murdered. The awareness of the potential enormous consequence of getting caught, along with the effort required to monitor oneââ¬â¢s verbal cues, body language, facial expressions and stories, put a huge cognitive load on the deceiver. Simply put, it requires more conscious brain power to tell a lie than it is to tell the truth. (http://www. psychologicalscience. org) So while humans are notoriously better liars than lie detectors, deceivers face the challenge of maintaining their credibility (ten Brinke, L. amp; Porter, S. 2011). Furthermore, this cognitive load may result in ââ¬Å"leakageâ⬠that may reveal our true emotions and intentions which a trained or scientifically informed observer might be able to pick up on. That is, an observable (and authentic) by-product of over extending cognition resources available to convey elaborate lies. Therefore, because motivated lies of consequence are much more difficult to tell and maintain versus trivial daily deceptions, the researchers hypothesized that serious lies should trigger more subtle, yet detectable behavioural cues or emotional leakageâ⬠. Moreover, those facial muscles that are under less cortical control, specifically the ââ¬Å"griefâ⬠muscles, would more often contract in the faces of genuine pleaders versus the deceivers. They further proposed that deception is a fundamental aspect of human behaviour and communication that likely emerged early in human history (as a means for survival). This point of view strongly supports the Darwinian evolutionary theory (ten Brinke, L. , Porter, S. , amp; Baker, A. , 2011). They intended to support their views using indicators that aligned with different theoretical orientations (as described below). I supported this hypothesis and believe they are on the right track to developing an effective lie detection intervention technique. I believe there is evolutionary evidence that demonstrates ââ¬Å"leakageâ⬠and that upon further study, it could be very telling from a forensic stand point once more empirical research is conducted. Furthermore, I agree with their assertion that when people are experiencing powerful emotion (such as fear, anger or anguish) it is virtually impossible to keep from communicating those emotions in their faces, as well as the opposite- if you are not feeling a particular emotion it is hard to fake it. Therefore there must be a way to reliably differentiate and observe these cues. Steven Porter is a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia Okanagan, who has published numerous research and theoretical articles on forensic issues ranging from credibility assessment, deception etection, psychopathy, and violent crime. In 2011, he set out with colleague Leann ten Brinke on their most comprehensive study of its kind to date; to investigate consequences of extremely high stakes emotional deception on the engagement of particular facial muscles to reveal a ââ¬Ëfalse faceââ¬â¢, by exhaustively analyzing dozens of videotaped public (real- life) appeal from relatives pleading for the safe return of missing family members. The procedure was clearly outlined in the study. Researchers obtained television footage from English speaking media agencies internationally to create a large sample size of 78 ââ¬Å"pleadersâ⬠. The plea videos were then exhaustively coded frame by frame, at 30 frames per second, totalling an impressive 74, 731 frames. The authors compared videotaped behaviours of real-life deception relative to comparable real-life truthful displays, using three communication channels: speech, body language, and emotional facial expressions for indicators of emotional arousal, cognitive load, attempted behaviour control, and psycho-logical distancing related to several hypotheses. Internal validity was ensured by adhering to a strict definition of ground truth (overwhelming evidence) to differentiate liars from truth tellers. In approximately half of these cases there existed overwhelming evidence suggesting that the person making the ââ¬Ëdirect appealââ¬â¢ (n=52) the moment where the pleader asks the perpetrator to let the missing person go, or for the missing person to make contact- was lying, while the other half support overwhelming evidence that the pleader was telling the truth. In fact, in approximately half of the videos (35), overwhelming evidence was eventually used to convict deceptive individuals of murdering their loved ones. While playing the concerned relative, there may be behavioural cues present that differentiate between a genuine plea and a deceptive one. It was expected that these would be revealed during the direct appeal. The authors then clearly demonstrated ways in which such deceivers unconsciously betray themselves in their facial expressions and speech to the keen observer. The non-verbal/body language, facial, verbal/linguistic, and physiological channels in detecting deception were then clearly discussed. Statistical results were described in detail and easily illustrated using tables and graphs. Variables being measured were evident, for easy comparison and interpretation. The team successfully predicted that deceptive pleaders would fail in convincing sadness and distress expressions. They showed an absence of or incomplete expressions of upper-face sadness than genuine pleaders. These muscles are connected to a primitive part of the brain called the limbic system which activate beyond oneââ¬â¢s voluntary control during genuine distress. Porter and ten Brinke found that deceivers werent able to mimic that and even raised their eyebrows more often because it was assumed those who arent feeling true distress, can only fake it, making them appear more ââ¬Ësurprisedââ¬â¢. They also observed that deceivers showed subtle discordant emotions of happiness in their lower faces, appearing to occasionally smirk when delivering their ââ¬Ësadââ¬â¢ direct appeal. They also appeared to display false smiles, whereby only the muscles contract around the mouth only. Furthermore, many deceptive pleaders tended to display an immediate physiological response of disgust in the lower region of the face, where the upper lip moved toward the nose, and crinkles around the nose, but rarely among the genuinely distressed. Such a cue could be related to a kind of persistent, visceral reaction to the murder or even revulsion for the victim, despite professing how much they want the back. In an attempt to establish behaviour control and appear honest, it was expected that liars would maintain body language under conscious control, including gaze aversion and illustrators. However, they were observed to over compensate efforts to avoid misconceptions by not averting their eyes, therefore staring too long, and used too few or overly controlled (rigid) hand or body movements. Previous coding of these tapes also revealed several important differences in the verbal and nonverbal behavior of liars and truth-tellers, such as liars made more speech errors. Attempts by liars to create psychological distance were expected to result in a decrease in pronoun use and emotional words and an increase in tentative words (e. g. , ââ¬Ëifââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëguessââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëperhapsââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëmaybeââ¬â¢), relative to genuine pleaders was indeed observed. Liars also used fewer words and details, displayed increased speech hesitation (more ââ¬Å"umsâ⬠, ââ¬Å"ahsâ⬠, and ââ¬Å"ersâ⬠in their stories) with longer pauses and had a slower speech rate. This supports their hypothesis that liars have to worry about not slipping up due to mentally taxing cognitive load. Another expected example of cognitive load is that they were bserved to blink more than genuine pleaders because of involuntary arousal associated with emotional masking. In fact, liars blinked, on average, nearly twice as frequently as the truth-tellers, which could also be due to the sheer effort of having to appear truthful. Finally, in complementing this ho listic examination of behavioral leakage, it was hypothesized that a multicue approach to deception detection would be supported. That valid cues, especially those aligned with different orientations would account for unique variance in predicting sincerity, and indeed they did. The best-validated cues to be considered together included: illustrators (hand and arm movements), blink and pause rate, speech rate, vague descriptions, repeated details, contextual embedding, reproduction of conversations, and emotional ââ¬Ëleakageââ¬â¢ in the face. I appreciate how they addressed common errors still used in deception detection including: myths/folklore, examination of wrong cues or a single cue, observers placing too great an emphasis on non-verbal cues, too readily interpret certain behaviors as diagnostics (e. . nervousness), placing too great an emphasis on simplistic rules of thumb, overconfidence in their ability to detect deception, and neglecting inter and intrapersonal differences in individuals. These strategies are taught and advocated by police and impair lie detection because professionals overestimate their ability to detect deceit. I also appreciate how they addressed the limitations of the research including: The authors noted that few studies of high-stakes deception have been conducted. Moreover, some expressions of lying are highly idiosyncratic and therefore difficult to address in quantitative research and replicate in a lab. This demonstrates the need for new observation skills and innovative approaches for studying deceptiveness. Researchers also indicate such studies are better examined via videotape and not appropriate for real time court proceedings. It is vital to take advantage of what we know about distinct psychological processes by obtaining more insight into the differences between truth tellers and liars so researchers can develop effective lie detection strategies and interview tools. Hopefully with the development of workshops and further study, the scientific community and law agencies can watch videos, test the knowledge for facial expressions, evaluate and validate ââ¬Å"what worksâ⬠, discuss how it can be applied in a police investigation and use that knowledge to train and educate law enforcement to reliably and more accurately detect deception. In conclusion, recommendations are needed to be put forth to more consistently reveal deception. There is no one sure fire way to reveal deception, but in observing the absence of a single cue or behavioral channel that consistently reveals deception, a holistic approach with attention to multiple empirically validated indicators behavioural targets- of deceit and differences from baseline behaviour should be taken to bolster the assessorââ¬â¢s confidence in the determination of dishonesty (Porter S. , ten Brinke L 2010). It is essential to break away from outdated thought in order to avoid the stereotypical and widespread pitfalls associated with traditional lie detection. There still remains a huge need for more empirical evidence because there is still no explicit guidance for responsible application of deception research. With further study, it will ultimately create a strong foundation to promote ecological validity to be used more accurately in forensic settings. Works Cited Darwin, C. (1872). The expression of the emotions in man and animals. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. DePaulo, B. M. , Kashy, D. A. , Kirkendol, S. E. , Wyer, M. M. , amp; Epstein, J. A. (1996). Lying in everyday life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70, 979ââ¬â995 Porter S. ten Brinke L (2010) The truth about lies: What works in detecting high-stakes deception? Legal and Criminological Psychology 15: 57ââ¬â75. ten Brinke, L. amp; Porter, S. (2011, in press). Cry me a river: Identifying the behavioural consequences of extremely high-stakes interpersonal deception. Law and Human Behavior. ten Brinke, L. , Porter, S. , amp; Baker, A. (2011, in pre ss). Darwin the detective: Observable facial muscle contractions reveal emotional high-stakes lies. Evolution and Human Behavior. http://www. psychologicalscience. org/index. php/news/releases/lie-detection-misconceptions-pitfalls-and-opportunities-for-improvement. html hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-12777146710428031032019-12-02T16:30:00.001-08:002019-12-02T16:30:04.158-08:00Stylistic Features in A Prayer for Owen Meany Essay ExampleStylistic Features in A Prayer for Owen Meany Paper John Irving was born on March 2, 1942, in Exeter, New Hampshire, United States and is an American novelist and Academy Award-winning screenwriter. Irving had achieved his fame after the international success of The World According To Garp in 1978. Irving often brings his own life stories to his books making them more connectable and lively like with his seventh book A Prayer For Owen Meany. Published in 1989, it tells the story of a unique friendship between John Wheelwright and Owen Meany growing up together in a small New Hampshire town during the 1950s and 1960s. It makes me ashamed to remember that I was angry with him for taking my armadillos claws. God knows, Owen gave me more than he ever took from me-even when you consider that he took my mother. (Irving. 101). A Prayer For Owen Meany uses many stylistic features to enhance the development of the boys friendship like the amazing narrative point of view, the highly personal mood and tone, and well developed characters. The narrative perspective of A Prayer For Owen Meany can connect or entranced a reader by the friendship told through the first person of John. John Irvings A Prayer For Owen Meany is an amazing tale about two friends, John Wheelwright and Owen Meany. It documents their adventures through their childhood to their present life as adults. A Prayer For Owen Meany is told through the first person narrative of John Wheelwright. what makes this book successful and not another story of someones childhood is the way John Irving uses the inside view of John and Owens weird friendship to hook the reader. Dan understood that I loved Owen, and that I wanted to talk with him most- most of all- but that it was a conversation, for both Owens sake and mine, that was best to delay. But before we finished loading the baseball cards in the car, Dan Needham asked me what are you giving him? What? I said. To show him that you love him. Dan Needham said. Thats wha We will write a custom essay sample on Stylistic Features in A Prayer for Owen Meany specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Stylistic Features in A Prayer for Owen Meany specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Stylistic Features in A Prayer for Owen Meany specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-18171978549353940292019-11-27T04:55:00.001-08:002019-11-27T04:55:04.841-08:00About the Perseid Meteor ShowerAbout the Perseid Meteor Shower The Perseid meteor shower is one of the best-known showers in the year. Its one of the great astronomy events of Northern Hemisphere summer and Southern Hemisphere winter. It begins in late July and extends halfway through August, peaking around August 11 or 12th. When conditions are good, you might be able to see dozens of meteors per hour. It all really depends on the weather and what part of the meteor stream Earth moves through each year. Also, the viewing is best when theres no interference from the Moon, although you can still see the brighter meteors as they flash through the sky. à This year (2017) the peak of the shower occurs not long after full moon, so its light will wash out the view of the dimmer meteors. You will likely see a few bright meteors during this time, but dont buy into the hype about the best, the brightest shower. à Its hype and probably clickbait. Do your viewing armed with reasonable expectations and you will be rewarded (unless its cloudy).à What Causes the Perseids? The Perseid meteor shower is really material left behind by Comet Swift-Tuttle. It passes through our part of the solar system every 133 years. As it travels, this icy dirtball leaves behind tiny grains of ice, dust, rock, and other debris, similar to a messy tourist scattering debris from an automobile. As Earth makes its trip around the Sun, it passes through this debris field with some spectacular results, which we know as the Perseids. As Earth moves through the stream - which can stretch across 14 million to 120 million kilometers of interplanetary space - à its gravity interacts with the particles and spreads the stream out. As the comet passes by, it releases new bursts of particles, constantly refreshing the supply of material that will eventually collide with Earths atmosphere. The stream changes constantly, and this affects future Perseid meteor shower events. Sometimes Earth passes through rather thick areas of the stream, and that results in a heavy meteor shower. Other times, it traverses a thin part of the stream, and we dont see quite so many meteors.à Although there are many meteor showers annually, such as the Leonids, Lyrids, and Geminids, to name a few, the Perseid shower is the most reliable, and can be very spectacular if conditions are right. How it looks depends on several factors - ranging from whether the Moon is nearby (and bright enough to wash out the view) - to what part of the stream Earth encounters. The stream is not uniformly thick with particles, so some years the supply of materials might be less than others. In any given year, observers see anywhere from 50 to 150 meteors an hour on average, increasing at times to around 400 to 1,000 per hour.à The Perseid meteor shower, like other meteor showers, is named after the constellation from which it appears to radiate:à Perseusà (named after a Greek mythological hero)à which is located near Cassiopeia, the Queen. This is also called the radiant, since that is the direction the meteors seem to travel from as they streak across the sky. How Do I View the Perseid Meteor Shower? Meteor showers are easier to view than many other astronomical objects or events. All you need is a fairly dark location and a blanket or lawn chair. Always make sure you have a jacket handy, even if you live in a warm weather climate. Viewing late at night and early in the morning can expose you to some chilly temperatures. It may be useful to have a star chartà to help you locate Perseus, and other constellations while youââ¬â¢re watching, but itââ¬â¢s not a necessity. The shower is active from mid-July each yearà when Earth enters the outer edges of the Swift-Tuttle stream.à The best viewing time varies but is often between 2:00 and 4:00 a.m. around the 12th of August. The actual peak time ranges from the 9th to the 14th and then tapers off after that. For August 2017, the best viewing time is after midnight early in the morning of August 12th. There will be some interference from the Moon, which will be just past full. But, you should still be able to see the brightest ones. Also, start watching a few nights before and continue a few nights after; Perseids happen for nearly three weeks. Find a good, safe viewing area where you can get a clear view of the sky. Arrive early to set up, andà give yourself time to adjust your eyes to the darkness. Then, just sit (or lie) back, relax, and enjoy the show. Most of the meteors will appear to radiate from the constellation Perseus, and streak across the sky. As you gaze, make note of the colors of the meteors as they streak through the sky. If you see bolides (larger streaks), note how long they take to traverse the skyà and notice their colors, too. The Perseids can be a very rewarding observing experience for anybody - from younger children to experienced stargazers.à Edited and expanded by Carolyn Collins Petersen. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-39171218559963313462019-11-23T12:29:00.001-08:002019-11-23T12:29:05.474-08:00How a Space Elevator Would WorkHow a Space Elevator Would Work A space elevator is a proposed transportation system connecting the Earths surface to space. The elevator would allow vehicles to travel to orbit or space without the use of rockets. While elevator travel wouldnt be faster than rocket travel, it would be much less expensive and could be used continuously to transport cargo and possibly passengers. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky first described a space elevator in 1895. Tsiolkovksy proposed building a tower from the surface up to geostationary orbit, essentially making an incredibly tall building. The problem with his idea was that the structure would be crushed by all the weight above it. Modern concepts of space elevators are based on a different principle - tension. The elevator would be built using a cable attached at one end to the Earths surface and to a massive counterweight at the other end, above geostationary orbit (35,786 km). Gravity would pull downward on the cable, while centrifugal force from the orbiting counterweight would pull upward. The opposing forces would reduce the stress on the elevator, compared with building a tower to space. While a normal elevator uses moving cables to pull a platformà up and down, the space elevator would rely on devices called crawlers, climbers, or lifters that travelà along a stationary cable or ribbon. In other words, the elevator would move on the cable. Multiple climbers would need to be traveling in both directions to offset vibrations from the Coriolis force acting on their motion. Parts of a Space Elevator The setup for the elevator would be something like this: A massive station, captured asteroid, or group of climbers would be positioned higher than geostationary orbit. Because the tension on the cable would be at its maximum at the orbital position, the cable would be thickest there, tapering toward the Earths surface. Most likely, the cable would either be deployed from space or constructed in multiple sections, moving down to Earth. Climbers would move up and down the cable on rollers, held in place by friction. Power could be supplied by existing technology, such as wireless energy transfer, solar power, and/or stored nuclear energy. The connection point at the surface could be a mobile platform in the ocean, offering security for the elevator and flexibility for avoiding obstacles. Travel on a space elevator would not be fast! The travel time from one end to the other would be several days to a month. To put the distance in perspective, if the climber moved at 300 km/hr (190 mph), it would take five days to reach geosynchronous orbit. Because climbers have to work in concert with others on the cable to make it stable, its likely progress would be much slower. Challenges Yet to Be Overcome The biggest obstacle to space elevator construction is the lack of a material with high enough tensile strengthà andà elasticity and low enough density to build the cable or ribbon. So far, the strongest materials for the cable would be diamond nanothreads (first synthesized in 2014) orà carbon nanotubules. These materials have yet to be synthesized to sufficient length or tensile strength to density ratio. The covalent chemical bonds connecting carbon atoms in carbon or diamond nanotubes can only withstand so much stress before unzipping or tearing apart. Scientists calculate the strain the bonds can support, confirming that while it might be possible to one day construct a ribbon long enough to stretch from the Earth to geostationary orbit, it wouldnt be able to sustain additional stress from the environment, vibrations, and climbers. Vibrations and wobble are a serious consideration. The cable would be susceptible to pressure from the solar wind, harmonics (i.e., like a really long violin string), lightning strikes, and wobble from the Coriolis force. One solution would be to control the movement of crawlers to compensate for some of the effects. Another problem is that the space between geostationary orbit and the Earths surface is littered with space junk and debris. Solutions include cleaning up near-Earth space or making the orbital counterweight able to dodge obstacles. Other issues include corrosion, micrometeorite impacts, and the effects of the Van Allen radiation belts (a problem for both materials and organisms). The magnitude of the challenges coupled with the development of reusable rockets, like those developed by SpaceX, have diminished interest in space elevators, but that doesnt mean the elevator idea is dead. Space Elevators Arent Just for Earth A suitable material for an Earth-based space elevator has yet to be developed, but existing materials are strong enough to support a space elevator on the Moon, other moons, Mars, or asteroids. Mars has about a third the gravity of Earth, yet rotates at about the same rate, so a Martian space elevator would be much shorter than one built on Earth. An elevator on Mars would have to address the low orbit of the moon Phobos, which intersects the Martian equator regularly. The complication for a lunar elevator, on the other hand, is that the Moon doesnt rotate quickly enough to offer a stationary orbit point. However, the Lagrangian points could be used instead. Even though a lunar elevator would be 50,000 km long on the near side of the Moon and even longer on its far side, the lower gravity makes construction feasible. A Martian elevator could provide ongoing transport outside of the planets gravity well, while a lunar elevator could be used to send materials from the Moon to a locatio n readily reached by Earth. When Will a Space Elevator Be Built? Numerous companies have proposed plans for space elevators. Feasibility studies indicate an elevator wont be built until (a) a material is discovered that can support the tension for an Earth elevator or (b) theres a need for an elevator on the Moon or Mars. While its probable the conditions will be met in the 21st century, adding a space elevator ride to your bucket list might be premature. Recommended Reading Landis, Geoffrey A. Cafarelli, Craig (1999). Presented as paper IAF-95-V.4.07, 46th International Astronautics Federation Congress, Oslo Norway, October 2ââ¬â6, 1995. The Tsiolkovski Tower Reexamined.à Journal of the British Interplanetary Society.à 52: 175ââ¬â180.à Cohen, Stephen S.; Misra, Arun K. (2009). The effect of climber transit on the space elevator dynamics.à Acta Astronautica.à 64à (5ââ¬â6): 538ââ¬â553.à Fitzgerald, M., Swan, P., Penny, R. Swan, C. Space Elevator Architectures and Roadmaps, Lulu.com Publishers 2015 hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-5558251380478926272019-11-21T04:59:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:59:14.405-08:00Marketing Mix and Market Segmentation Research PaperMarketing Mix and Market Segmentation - Research Paper Example They will be priced at $3.00 for the 250-gram burger. The company will establish restaurants in different locations where the burgers can be marketed. Customers will also have the opportunity to order the burgers from online platforms, both television and billboards will be used as the main marketing strategies integrated closely with digital marketing. Environmental factors such as social, economic, competitive, regulatory, and technological factors will affect the strategies developed in the marketing of the beef burgers. Evidently, there are ethical issues associated with the sale of beef burgers such as the need for companies to consider self-regulation in food advertisements as well as the promotion of quality and healthy foods. The business will also need to exhibit social responsibility by participating in the campaign against obesity (KoÃ
¡Ã ºtovà ¡ & Jarossovà ¡, 2014). If the business succeeds in the local market, there are opportunities for expanding into foreign markets after a critical market analysis. After considering the facts in this report, it is recommended that the beef burger business is a viable product that will register increased profitability in the future. The 4Ps represent one of the commonest and regularly used marketing mix approaches. The 4Ps approach was developed in 1960 and has been in use over the years. The 4Ps denote the product, price, promotion, and the place. Product: The beef burgers that will be sold will promote healthy eating and will have a diverse nutritional composition with the brand name H-beef burgers. The burgers will comprise of 100% pure ground beef that will be seasoned using pepper and salt. Other varieties will have cheese, onions, and other types of seasonings. The beef burger will provide energy, protein, carbohydrates, sugar, fat, dietary fiber, and sodium (Mckeown & Werner, 2010). The smallest size ofà the burger will be 250 grams, which will represent a single serving.à hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-68269710917412800452019-11-20T00:26:00.001-08:002019-11-20T00:26:03.866-08:00Strategic Alignment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsStrategic Alignment - Assignment Example Hong Kong is the heart of for the group with three properties in this city. These include the Landmark, Excelsior, and Mandarin Oriental. These properties have registered a greater performance despite the competition in the hotel segment in Hong Kong. Landmark, Excelsior, and Mandarin Oriental generate 38 percent of the total revenues of the group. Mandarin Oriental performs best and utilizes well the market space in Hong Kong contributing an approximate of 15 US dollars per square meter. The group has witnessed a heavy growth of visitors from the mainland China to Hong Kong. In the year 2011, China attracted about 28 million of visitors to Hong Kong. Mainland China recorded 28,100,129 in 2011 and 22,684,388 in the year 2010 (Group Communication 2). It was 67 percent of the total clients of the Mandarin Oriental. Relaxation for individual Visa Scheme in China to people visiting Hong Kong will benefit Mandarin Oriental in its ambitious project of investing in branded residences. This is the principal value driver, which will support Mandarin Oriental competitive method in the hotel industry in Hong Kong. The competitive method capitalizes on the growth of tourism industry in Hong Kong. Tourism industry contributed to growth of Hong Kong GDP by 15.2 percent. There are projections that GDP in Hong Kong will increase by 2.4 percent in 2012. The rate of visitorsââ¬â¢ expenditure is favorable for this future and ambitious project of Mandarin Oriental. In 2011, the visitorsââ¬â¢ spending was 6,094 US dollars. This was approximately 21 percent increase of the record of 2007 (Group Communication 1). This consistent growth in tourism expenditure will be an advantageous to Mandarin Oriental in Hong Kong. Currently, the Mandarin Oriental uses creative marketing strategy that lays a lot of emphasis on the strengths of the group. The marketing plan addresses a comprehensive set of factors that influence the marketing for the hotel. Sound hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-10900002602757872782019-11-17T12:57:00.001-08:002019-11-17T12:57:08.958-08:00Macbeth - How Shakespeare presents the characters in Act 3 Scene 1 Essay Example for Free Macbeth How Shakespeare presents the characters in Act 3 Scene 1 Essay How do their words thoughts and actions make the scene such a dramatic and important scene in the play? In the majority of Shakespeares compositions, Act 3 usually consists, in terms of context, the most important scenes in the play. Macbeth is no different; Act 3 and in particular Act 3 Scene 1 is the point in the play where events are rapidly building to a dramatic and tragic climax. In the previous scenes the audience witnessed the violent assassination of the much loved King Duncan by Macbeth followed by the (said / mentioned) murderers inevitable election as king. In a historical context, the general public at the time of the productions release would have understood the significance and seriousness of Macbeths actions more so than modern day audiences. Regicide was not only seen as an evil act against king and country but also against God. The Divine Right of Kings was widely believed; which stated every monarch is selected by God and has sole right to the throne (usurper). More notably, genuine threats such as the Gunpowder Plot against the ruler at the time, King James I, made the murder of King Duncan not only more believable but something audiences could actually relate to. Act 3 Scene 1 commences with a condemning soliloquy by Banquo. He shares with the audience his strong accusations regarding the manner in which Macbeth has become King Speaking dangerously of deceit and treason, Thou playedst most foully fort, Shakespeare cleverly aligns Banquo with the audience and in doing so emphasizes the shocking nature of King Duncans murder. In the soliloquy there is also a reference to the witches predictions for Banquos descendants, myself should be the root and father of many kings. This line would have been of great interest to King James I as it suggests he is a descendant of Banquo. Some critics argue that Shakespeare wrote Macbeth to flatter the new king. The direct relation between Banquo and King James is hinted a few times during the play. Add this to the fact Shakespeare altered Holinsheds version of events that were written years earlier then you could be mistaken for agreeing with the critics. Shakespeare made Macbeth solely responsible for Duncans murder when actually Banquo was an accomplice to the murder. Proud to be in their new role, Macbeth and Lady Macbeth greet Banquo very majestically, heres our chief guest. Shrewdly, they attempt to make Banquo feel important and well appreciated, If he had been forgotten, it had been a big gap in our great feast. However this was all a big act, as the audience was about to find out. I imagine in this part of the scene Lady Macbeths introduction would have been very grand and regal as if she loved her new role. After all, she had finally achieved what she and her husband had always dreamt of, My dearest partner of greatness. Shakespeare makes it clear that Macbeth is now king by altering slightly the way in which Macbeth behaves and addresses others. He exposes a kinder, more inviting aspect to his personality by hosting a feast, Tonight we hold a great feast and Ill request your presence. The verb request is significant because it implies the invitational is optional, however I dont believe anyone would turn down an offer from the King as there may be serious consequences. Macbeth continues to take great interest in Macbeths proposed journey which causes the audience to suspect that Banquo might be in danger. Arguably for the very first time in the play, we witness the devious and crafty personality of Macbeth. Shakespeare uses a combination of irony and flattery in his writing to hide the fact Macbeth is actually intensively interrogating Banquo, fail not our feast and Ride you this afternoon are two examples of this. The quote fail not our feast is ironic because the audience have been discretely made aware that Macbeth intends to have Banquo murdered whilst he is out riding and will therefore not return for the feast. After dismissing Banquo, Macbeth makes a rather bold and surprising decision to do the same with his wife, Till supper time alone, while then God be with you. I believe this to be the point in the play where the tide turns. Up until now, it has been Macbeth who has relied heavily on his wife. He consulted everything with her. However, now that he finally has the crown upon his head, I think he feels that she has nothing left to offer. Personally this is pure ignorance on Macbeths part and sense this might be a catalyst for his downfall -Macbeths hamartia. A hamartia is basically an error in judgement, a cause of a tragic heros (in this case Macbeth) misfortune. Lady Macbeth aids his downfall, as she has pushed him to become so ambitious and arrogant that he feels he will be more successful without her. However, Macbeth has other hamartias which are explored further on. If I was directing this scene, I would strive to get the key point across. Macbeth and Lady Macbeth have just been crowned king and Queen of their beloved nation. The honeymoon period has just begun and they both absolutely adore their new roles, Thou hast it now King, Cawdor, Glamis, all. Therefore, I would endeavour to make sure this comes across to the audience by ensuring the actors were dressed accordingly; royal robes and jewellery etc. Also, the actors should portray a relieved and joyful persona to illustrate the fact that Macbeth and his wifes efforts have finally been rewarded. During Macbeths soliloquy in Act 3 Scene 1, Shakespeare reveals the characters true colours. Macbeth explains that despite Banquo being his best friend, he understands that Banquo must be murdered in order for him to remain in power; to be thus is nothing, but to be safely thus. This extract would confirm the audiences earlier thoughts and feelings about Macbeths intentions with Banquo. It also proves that the compassion and sincerity he showed towards Banquo in their last conversation was just an act. Shakespeare compares Macbeths feelings about Banquo to an actual event in the past, as it is said Mark Antonys was by Caesar. Macbeth acknowledges Banquos integrity but cannot help feeling that perhaps he is the Achilles heel to making him last upon the throne. Just as in Ancient Rome, Mark Antony was said to be in fear of Octavius Caesar. Throughout the soliloquy you get the sense that Macbeth has constant mood swings. His feelings vary rapidly, from fear of Banquo at the beginning; our fears in Banquo stick deep. to pure hatred of Banquo at the end, No son of mine succeeding, for Banquos issue have I filed my mind. His change in character is particularly noticeable when compared to Act 2 Scene 1. During this soliloquy, Macbeth has little conviction when contemplating the murder of Duncan whereas now he speaks confidently with passion and conviction. Which is startling seen as he is about to have his closest companion murdered. As the murderers appear on stage, the audience are immediately made aware that Macbeth has already spoken with them Was it not yesterday we spoke together. This extract implies that Macbeth had been planning to kill Banquo for a while. This is arguably the first time we see a ruthless side of Macbeth. It proves to the audience that this murder is not just a spur of the moment thing. Shakespeare includes a range of techniques when Macbeth is trying to persuade the henchmen to murder Banquo. Firstly, Macbeth tries to justify the murder by using reverse psychology on the two men, Know that it is he who held you so under fortune. Here; Macbeth is obviously testing the murderers character and resolve. He needs to know how willing they are, luckily for Macbeth they are prepared to do anything in the needs of king and country, I would set my life on any chance. Secondly, Macbeth questions their courage, to which the murderers respond assertively We are men. One thing I cannot comprehend is why Macbeth is even bothering to persuade them. Surely Macbeth has the right to order anyone about never mind two members of the lower class society. After all he is the King. However, I think this represents a key aspect of Macbeths personality. I think persuading the murderers is his way of persuading him he is doing the right thing. By persuading them, he is at the same time convincing himself that the deed is righteous. This would suggest that Macbeth is not pure evil but instead someone who loves power and is prepared to do anything to remain powerful. Macbeth changes dramatically as a character throughout the play. Initially, Macbeth was tortured with remorse after Duncans murder but upon hearing of Banquos successful assassination he is elated. His vaulting aspiration was driving him to desperate measures and he was unable to impede it. Macbeth had already risked his life to obtain the throne so he had no choice but to employ Machiavellian customs to preserve it. Macbeths vision of Banquo ghost at a royal banquet only steers him closer to insanity. The appearance of Banquos ghost at the royal banquet horrifies Macbeth. Shakespeare brilliantly uses irony to make Banquos emergence very dramatic, Sweet Remembrancer! Upon hearing the witches prophecies, Macbeth is unleashed down a spiral of swift deterioration that causes him to become blinded by desire. It is clear that Macbeths objective was driven by the prophecies made by the three witches; hail to thee Thane of Cawdor that shalt be king hereafter. He was willing to do or pay anything to ensure that they actually occur. At first Macbeth is appalled at the witches proposal of killing Duncan, his King and fellow countryman, but eventually he surrenders to both Lady Macbeth and the evil forces. Lady Macbeth and the witches overwhelm his morals setting off a catalogue of events resulting in Macbeths downfall and second hamartia. The presence of supernatural forces in Shakespeares Macbeth, provides much of the plays dramatic tension and mounting suspense. Several supernatural hallucinations throughout the play profoundly affect Macbeth; culminating with the evil forces overpowering Macbeth and his morals. For example, the prophecies of the three witches and the appearance of Banquos ghost. These two points in the play would have been very significant for the audience at the time. Witches were associated with using uncompromising potions, flying, becoming invisible at will and using disguises for the evil spirits in control of them. In Shakespeares time, a large proportion of people believed in witches. Hundreds of thousands of women were accused of employing the mentioned familiars to cause misfortunes and disasters. As a result, many were either executed or tortured. Even King James I was personally frightened of witches, passing a law that condemned anyone connected with witchcraft. In hindsight, it is now clear that witches were just innocent people used as scapegoats for mistakes made by others. Macbeth is a prime example of Shakespeares use of the tragic pattern. The play begins with the rise and fall of a man of high estate. This is followed by a flaw in character, Duncans trust in Macbeth for example, a gentleman on whom I built absolute trust. Then murder, exile and alienation of enemies and allies; King Duncans Murder, the Princes flee, murder of Banquo and dismissal of Lady Macbeth. All leading to the gradual isolation of the tragic hero, tragic recognition of the flaw by the tragic hero; and now a wood comes toward Dunsinane and eventually the death of the tragic hero. Macbeth is slain by Macduff. Tragic patterns similar to this one are used in every one of Shakespeares renowned tragedies. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1902123288676049814.post-49007968146919039422019-11-15T01:29:00.001-08:002019-11-15T01:29:02.294-08:00Sickle Cell Anaemia :: Free Essays Sickle Cell Anaemia The disorder affects the red blood cells, which contain a special protein called haemoglobin . The function of haemoglobin is to carry oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body. People with Sickle Cell Anaemia have Sickle haemoglobin which is different from the normal haemoglobin. When sickle haemoglobin gives up its oxygen to the tissues, it sticks together to form long rods inside the red blood cells making these cells rigid and sickle-shaped. Normal red blood cells can bend and flex easily.Blocked blood vessels Because of their shape, sickled red blood cells can't squeeze through small blood vessels as easily as the almost donut-shaped normal cells. This can lead to these small blood vessels getting blocked that then stops the oxygen from getting through to where it is needed. This in turn can lead to severe pain and damage to organs. Everyone has two copies of the gene for haemoglobin; one from their mother and one from their father. If one of these genes carries the instructions to make sickle haemoglobin (HbS) and the other carries the instructions to make normal haemoglobin (HbA) then the person has Sickle Cell Trait and is a carrier of the sickle haemoglobin gene. This means that this person has enough normal haemoglobin in their red blood cells to keep the cells flexible and they don't have the symptoms of the sickle cell disorders. They do however have to be careful when doing things where there is less oxygen than normal such as scuba diving, activities at high altitude and under general anaesthetics. If both copies of the haemoglobin gene carry instructions to make sickle haemoglobin then this will be the only type of haemoglobin they can make and sickled cells can occur. These people have Sickle Cell Anaemia and can suffer from anaemia and severe pain. These severe attacks are known as Crises. Over time Sickle Cell sufferers can experience damage to organs such as liver, kidney, lungs, heart and spleen. Death can be a result. hhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/17369156987340212948noreply@blogger.com0